{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T07:41:17Z","timestamp":1791013277797,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study aims to identify the correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and sociodemographic and sexual reproductive health factors in Ecuadorian women from March to August 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>120 women were randomly selected from two gynecological clinics to complete a questionnaire and provide a biospecimen. PCR-Hybridization was used to genotype 37 HPV serotypes in samples obtained by endo-cervical brushing for liquid-based cytology. Sociodemographic and sexual health data were collected through a validated questionnaire during a medical consultation. Mathematical modeling of HPV infection was done using bivariate logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>65.0% of the women sampled had an HPV infection; 74.3% of these women had co-infections with other HPV genotypes. Out of the women who were HPV positive, 75.6% were diagnosed with high-risk genotypes from HPV strains 18, 35, 52, and 66. Parity, immunosuppression, and use of oral contraception\/intrauterine devices (IUDs) were identified as associated variables. The explanatory model had a sensitivity of 89.5% and a specificity of 73.8%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The predominant strains of HPV among Ecuadorian women are diverse. The risk of HPV infection is a complex phenomenon where biological and psychosocial variables are integrated into a model. In populations with limited access to health services, low socioeconomic status, and negative sociocultural beliefs about sexually transmitted infections (STIs), surveys can be used as a pre-screening step for HPV infections. The diagnostic value of the model should be tested in multicenter studies that include women from all over the country.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1158270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]],"date-time":"2023-06-15T16:10:52Z","timestamp":1686845452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Biological, demographic, and health factors associated with HPV infection in Ecuadorian women"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Carlos","family":"Roman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Andrade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yenima","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zoila K.","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizette","family":"Espinosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Campoverde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lourdes","family":"Guallaizaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Merch\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Sarmiento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Brenner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Infecciones de transmisi\u00f3n sexual","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3257939","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/3257939","article-title":"Human papillomavirus infection and cervical Cancer: epidemiology, screening, and vaccination\u2014review of current perspectives","volume":"2019","author":"Chan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Oncol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1574","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiy715","article-title":"Might Oral human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in healthy individuals explain differences in HPV-attributable fractions in oropharyngeal Cancer? 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