{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:22:03Z","timestamp":1791901323924,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemsex refers to the intentional use of drugs before or during sex in a specific context, typically involving prolonged sex sessions with multiple partners. Engaging in chemsex is associated with a wide range of health risks and related risk behaviors. We developed a mobile phone application (\u2018Budd-app\u2019) to support and inform chemsex participants, reduce potential negative impacts associated with chemsex (e.g., physical, psychological and social health harms), and encourage more reasoned participation. During Budd\u2019s development process, 11 participants completed a survey after each chemsex session they attended. This data collection approach provided precise experiences on drug related behavior, prevention measures for sexually transmitted infection and sexual consent on 63 chemsex sessions. The mean duration of chemsex sessions was 17.5\u2009h. Polydrug use was reported during 95% of chemsex sessions with an average of 3.5 agents per session. Unsafe dosing occurred at 49% of chemsex sessions, and 9\/11 participants dosed unsafely at least once. Seven participants did not consistently take measures to prevent STI transmission. Nine had experienced peer pressure, both regarding drug use and sexual health. The same number reported sex without consent, not respecting others\u2019 boundaries as well as their own boundaries not being respected. Many participants experienced negative impact of their chemsex behavior during (7\/9) and after (8\/9) chemsex. Through participants\u2019 behavior assessment during multiple chemsex sessions, \u2018within-person\u2019 variability can be clarified. This clarification provides valuable insights in personal, emotional and contextual vulnerabilities. These insights can direct an individualized care and support trajectory aimed at addressing those vulnerabilities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160087","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T12:54:53Z","timestamp":1684414493000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Drug behaviors, sexually transmitted infection prevention, and sexual consent during chemsex: insights generated in the Budd app after each chemsex session"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Tom","family":"Platteau","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinne","family":"Herrijgers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Florence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karolien","family":"Poels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Verboon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludwig","family":"Apers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heidi","family":"Vandebosch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2015.07.013","article-title":"\u201cChemsex\u201d and harm reduction need among gay men in South London","volume":"26","author":"Bourne","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2020.103101","article-title":"Recreational drug use and use of drugs associated with chemsex among HIV-negative and HIV-positive heterosexual men and women attending sexual health and HIV clinics in England","volume":"91","author":"Miltz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1136\/jfprhc-2016-101603","article-title":"A chemsex crucible: the context and the controversy","volume":"42","author":"Stuart","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Family Plan Reproduct Health Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e717","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(22)00124-2","article-title":"HIV, chemsex, and the need for harm-reduction interventions to support gay, bisexual, and 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\u03b3-hydroxybutyrate-associated deaths in London: evidence to suggest a possible link with concomitant rise in chemsex","volume":"270","author":"Hockenhull","year":"2017","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Consolidated guidelines on HIV, viral hepatitis and STI prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care for key populations","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e39678","DOI":"10.2196\/39678","article-title":"Using intervention mapping to develop an mHealth intervention to support men who have sex with men engaging in Chemsex (Budd): development and usability study","volume":"11","author":"Herrijgers","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Res Protoc"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17239081","article-title":"Harm reduction practices and needs in a belgian chemsex context: findings from a qualitative study","volume":"17","author":"Herrijgers","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2018.11.017","article-title":"Real-time monitoring technology in single-case experimental design research: opportunities and challenges","volume":"117","author":"Bentley","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13103","article-title":"The association between use of chemsex drugs and HIV clinic attendance among gay and bisexual men living with HIV in London","volume":"22","author":"Howarth","year":"2021","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2018.11.024","article-title":"The novel psychoactive substance 3-methylmethcathinone (3-MMC or metaphedrone): a review","volume":"295","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0216732","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216732","article-title":"Chemsex among men who have sex with men living outside major cities and associations with sexually transmitted infections: a cross-sectional study in the Netherlands","volume":"14","author":"Evers","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2111","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-022-00694-w","article-title":"Do ART and Chemsex drugs get along? Potential drug-drug interactions in a cohort of people living with HIV who engaged in Chemsex: a retrospective observational study","volume":"11","author":"de la Mora","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Dis Ther"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-020-09916-7","article-title":"Links between chemsex and reduced mental health among Norwegian MSM and other men: results from a cross-sectional clinic survey","volume":"20","author":"Berg","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1875","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsxm.2020.07.001","article-title":"Chemsex in Italy: experiences of men who have sex with men consuming illicit drugs to enhance and prolong their sexual activity","volume":"17","author":"Nimbi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2018.11.014","article-title":"Chemsex behaviours among men who have sex with men: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"63","author":"Maxwell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2017.01.001","article-title":"Poly drug use, chemsex drug use, and associations with sexual risk behaviour in HIV-negative men who have sex with men attending sexual health clinics","volume":"43","author":"Sewell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054840","article-title":"Sexual consent and chemsex: a quantitative study on sexualised drug use and non-consensual sex among men who have sex with men in Amsterdam, the Netherlands","volume":"97","author":"Dr\u00fcckler","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1080\/10826084.2021.1975743","article-title":"Sexual Violence and Chemsex among Substance-Using Sexual and Gender Minorities in Texas","volume":"56","author":"Wilkerson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Subst Use Misuse"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"A5.2","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053232.14","article-title":"O14 Chemsex, consent and the rise in sexual assault","volume":"93","author":"Ward","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2020.542301","article-title":"Chemsex and mental health of men who have sex with men in Germany","volume":"11","author":"Bohn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Psych"},{"key":"ref25","volume-title":"Planning health promotion programs: an intervention mapping approach","author":"Bartholomew Eldredge","year":"2016"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160087\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T12:55:02Z","timestamp":1684414502000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160087\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160087"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160087","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]]},"article-number":"1160087"}}