{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T17:06:04Z","timestamp":1790960764059,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> is one of the rising primary causes of infections connected with health care. However, their distribution and susceptibility patterns vary widely amongst different regions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was carried out to retrospectively analyze the distribution of <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> in various clinical samples, their species types and susceptibility, in a tertiary care hospital, in India for 4\u2009years using the Vitek-2 database.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infection was identified in 751 clinical samples, and the major source of infection was found to be urine samples accounting for about 58.32%. A total of 18 different <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> species were recorded. Non-albicans <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> (NAC) 73.64% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009553) predominated <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic> 26.36% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009198). <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic> was found to be identified at a higher frequency followed by <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Candida glabrata<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Candida parapsilosis<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>Candida tropicalis<\/jats:italic> was the only species which were recovered from bile; <jats:italic>Candida pelliculosa<\/jats:italic> was recorded merely from blood and <jats:italic>Candida lipolytica<\/jats:italic> from urine and blood and not in any other samples. In vaginal swabs, <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> accounted for 63.64% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914) compared to NAC 36.36% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098). The susceptibility test revealed that 75.44% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009559) isolates were susceptible and 24.56% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009182) were resistant to one or more drugs tested. Major resistance was exhibited to flucytosine by <jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic> 77.46% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200955) compared to <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic> 11.27% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098). Apart from <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>, NAC-<jats:italic>C. tropicalis<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>C. glabrata and Candida krusei<\/jats:italic> showed resistance to echinocandins, and <jats:italic>Candida haemulonii<\/jats:italic> to amphotericin-B.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The knowledge of the incidence, resistance and emergence of different species might guide clinicians to select an appropriate antifungal therapy and plan effective strategies to control invasive and systemic <jats:italic>Candida<\/jats:italic> infections.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1160841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T06:35:36Z","timestamp":1683873336000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Retrospective analysis on distribution and antifungal susceptibility profile of Candida in clinical samples: a study from Southern India"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Umamaheshwari","family":"S.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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