{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T00:52:48Z","timestamp":1789433568262,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prior to COVID-19 pandemic, a yearly upward trajectory in the number of chlamydia infection cases was observed in South Korea. However, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, Korea implemented several public health and social measures, which were shown to have an impact on the epidemiology of other infectious diseases. This study aimed to estimate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and number of reported chlamydia infections in South Korea.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using the monthly number of reported chlamydia infection data between 2017 and 2022, we compared the trends in the reported numbers, and the incidence rates (IR) of chlamydia infection stratified by demographic characteristics (sex, age group, and region) in the pre- and during COVID-19 pandemic period (January 2017\u2013December 2019 and January 2020\u2013December 2022).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed an irregular downward trajectory in the number of chlamydia infection in the during-pandemic period. A 30% decrease in the total number of chlamydia infection was estimated in the during-pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period, with the decrease greater among males (35%) than females (25%). In addition, there was a decrease in the cumulative incidence rate of the during COVID-19 pandemic period (IR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.42\u20130.44) compared to the pre-pandemic period (IR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.59\u20130.61).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We identified decrease in the number of chlamydia infection during COVID-19 pandemic which is likely due to underdiagnosis and underreporting for the infection. Therefore, strengthening surveillance for sexually transmitted infections including chlamydia is warranted for an effective and timely response in case of an unexpected rebound in the number of the infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1167321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T01:46:06Z","timestamp":1683596766000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on chlamydia infection in South Korea: a comparison between the pre-pandemic and during-pandemic periods"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Achangwa","family":"Chiara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukhyun","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jae-Heon","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Se-Min","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","first-page":"30","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis infection: screening and management","volume":"21","author":"Keegan","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Outcomes Manag."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2020.04.005","article-title":"Age specific evaluation of sexual behavior, STI knowledge and infection among asymptomatic adolescents and young adults","volume":"13","author":"Skaletz-Rorowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect Public Health."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3595-6","article-title":"Chlamydia trachomatis screening in urine among asymptomatic men attending an STI clinic in Paris: a cross-sectional study","volume":"19","author":"Rondeau","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.14745\/ccdr.v44i02a03","article-title":"Chlamydia in Canada, 2010\u20132015","volume":"44","author":"Choudhri","year":"2018","journal-title":"Can Commun Dis Rep."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.3961\/jpmph.20.088","article-title":"The delay in confirming COVID-19 cases linked to a religious group in Korea","volume":"53","author":"Kim","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Prev Med Public Health."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2406","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2610.201886","article-title":"Effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions on transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, South Korea, 2020","volume":"26","author":"Ryu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.3390\/v14051071","article-title":"Collateral impact of public health and social measures on respiratory virus activity during the COVID-19 pandemic 2020\u20132021","volume":"14","author":"Achangwa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Viruses."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1612","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(22)00358-8","article-title":"Prediction of upcoming global infection burden of influenza seasons after relaxation of public health and social measures during the COVID-19 pandemic: a modelling study","volume":"10","author":"Ali","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2021-054965","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on STIs in Greece","volume":"98","author":"Apalla","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2021-054992","article-title":"Where to go to in chlamydia control? 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