{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T08:05:25Z","timestamp":1758960325768,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1690848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chloroacetyl chloride is a potent acylation agent that decomposes violently in water to produce chloroacetic acid and irritant hydrogen chloride. It and its decomposition products are corrosive to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system and can cause multiple organ failure. Herein, we report cases of poisoning by chloroacetyl chloride and its decomposition products in the skin and respiratory system. After exposure, one patient developed vomiting, irritability, coma, hypoxemia, hypotension, acidosis, and hypokalemia. Another patient developed bronchiolitis, pneumonia, and decreased vision. One patient died and two recovered. Chloroacetyl chloride and its decomposition products are corrosive and can damage multiple organs after absorption through the skin and respiratory tract, leading to severe heart failure. Cardiogenic shock may be the primary cause of early mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1215293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:40:02Z","timestamp":1690882802000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Case report: Occupational poisoning incident from a leak of chloroacetyl chloride in Jinan, Shandong, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Lanlan","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangxing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mengdi","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangdong","family":"Jian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laidong","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"366","volume-title":"The Merck Index\u2013An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Bio Logicals","author":"O\u2019Neil","year":"2013"},{"year":"1998","key":"ref2"},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"Acetic acid, halogenated derivatives","volume-title":"Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology","author":"Morris","year":""},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Chloroacetic acids","volume-title":"Ullmann\u2019s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry","author":"Koenig","year":""},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2017.09.026","article-title":"Trace level determination of chloroacetyl chloride and degradation products by derivatization gas chromatography","volume":"148","author":"Morissette","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Pharm Biomed Anal"},{"year":"","key":"ref6"},{"volume-title":"International chemical safety cards (ICSC)","year":"2012","key":"ref7"},{"volume-title":"RTECS:AO6475000\u2014Acetyl Chloride, Chloro\u2014The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances","year":"2018","key":"ref8"},{"volume-title":"Office of Response and Restoration, U.S.G.O.V. 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Part 1: sampling hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO\u2083) from a test gas atmosphere","volume":"8","author":"Howe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Occup Environ Hyg"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1136\/emj.13.6.422","article-title":"Hydrochloric acid inhalation: who needs admission?","volume":"13","author":"Boyce","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Accid Emerg Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S237","DOI":"10.33549\/physiolres.935003","article-title":"Efficacy of surfactant therapy of ARDS induced by hydrochloric acid aspiration followed by ventilator-induced lung injury\u2014an animal study","volume":"71","author":"Mikolka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Physiol Res"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"103","article-title":"Report on an accident leading to 14 victims (1 fatal) of burns and intoxication from monochloroacetic acid","volume":"15","author":"Kongfu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Occup Hlth Emerg Rescue [Abs]"},{"volume-title":"Personal communication to AkzoNobel","year":"1999","author":"Toyama","key":"ref20"},{"year":"2001","key":"ref21"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2008.10.024","article-title":"Three cases of acute chloroacetyl chloride poisoning","volume":"26","author":"Zou","year":"2008","journal-title":"Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.2478\/aiht-2020-71-3401","article-title":"Skin burns from monochloroacetic acid leak in a chemical plant: a case report","volume":"71","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arh Hig Rada Toksikol"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1215293\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]],"date-time":"2023-08-01T09:40:29Z","timestamp":1690882829000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1215293\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"references-count":23,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1215293"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1215293","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2296-2565"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,1]]},"article-number":"1215293"}}