{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T03:35:36Z","timestamp":1793504136502,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]],"date-time":"2024-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>Insomnia is a common symptom after COVID-19 infection; however, its current evidence was among hospitalized COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of insomnia and identify its association with depression and anxiety among non-hospitalized COVID-19 recovered population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of 1,056 COVID-19 survivors within 6\u2009months of initial COVID-19 infection and retrieved did not require hospitalization. The Insomnia Severity Index, and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-14 were used. Multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the associations between depressive and anxiety score, and participants\u2019 insomnia level.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of insomnia was 76.1%, and among those, 22.8% of participants scored for severe insomnia. One third of participants reported worse sleep quality, shorter sleep duration, and harder to fall asleep, half reported more awaken nights after COVID-19 infection. Participants with depressive (OR 3.45; 95%CI 1.87\u20136.34) or anxiety (OR 3.93; 95%CI 2.52\u20136.13) had significantly higher odds of developing insomnia. Other risk factors of insomnia included pre-existing chronic conditions and higher education level, while COVID-19 symptoms and duration were not significantly associated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study highlights the substantial burden of insomnia among non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors and the significant association of depression and anxiety on the development of this long-term effect of COVID-19. These findings underscore the need for comprehensive interventions that address both sychological and sleeping health in this population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1281012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T04:19:04Z","timestamp":1703132344000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Sleep quality among non-hospitalized COVID-19 survivors: a national cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Huong Thi Xuan","family":"Hoang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wing Fai","family":"Yeung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quyen Thi Mai","family":"Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuc Thi","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Thi My","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quang Vinh","family":"Bui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Quyen Thi Le","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh Ha","family":"Quach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"COVID-19 weekly epidemiological","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2021.03.010","article-title":"Post-COVID syndrome: incidence, clinical Spectrum, and challenges 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