{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:14:21Z","timestamp":1792818861720,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]],"date-time":"2024-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to respectively explore the relationships between physical activity and sedentary behaviors and cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality risk in overweight\/obese middle-aged and older patients, and also assess the interaction between physical activity and sedentary behaviors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data of middle-aged and older adults with body mass index (BMI) \u226525 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2007\u20132018 in this retrospective cohort study. Weighted univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to explore the associations between physical activity and sedentary behaviors and CVDs; weighted univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to explore the relationships between physical activity and sedentary behaviors with the risk of all-cause mortality. The interaction effect between physical activity and sedentary behaviors on CVD and all-cause mortality was also assessed. We further explored this interaction effect in subgroups of age and BMI. The evaluation indexes were odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 13,699 eligible patients, 1,947 had CVD, and 1,560 died from all-cause mortality. After adjusting for covariates, patients who had high sedentary time seemed to have both high odds of CVD [OR = 1.24, 95% CI: (1.06\u20131.44)] and a high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.20, 95% CI: (1.06\u20131.37)]. Furthermore, being insufficiently active was linked to high odds of CVD [OR = 1.24, 95% CI: (1.05\u20131.46)] as well as a high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.32, 95% CI: (1.15\u20131.51)]. High sedentary time and being insufficiently active had an interaction effect on both high odds of CVD [OR = 1.44, 95% CI: (1.20\u20131.73)] and high risk of all-cause mortality [HR = 1.48, 95% CI: (1.24\u20131.76)]. Individuals of different ages with\/without obesity need to focus on the potential CVD\/mortality risk of high sedentary time and low physical activity (all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Reducing sedentary time combined with increasing physical activity may benefit health by reducing both the risk of CVD and all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1302783","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]],"date-time":"2024-02-11T23:45:41Z","timestamp":1707695141000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effects of physical activity and sedentary behaviors on cardiovascular disease and the risk of all-cause mortality in overweight or obese middle-aged and older adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yongqiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1710026","article-title":"Health effects of overweight and obesity in 195 countries","volume":"377","author":"Afshin","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among adults: United States, 2017-2018","volume":"360","author":"Hales","year":"2020","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2016.94","article-title":"Obesity in older adults and life expectancy with and without cardiovascular disease","volume":"40","author":"Dhana","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Obes."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2018.0022","article-title":"Association of body mass index with lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease and compression of morbidity","volume":"3","author":"Khan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2020.165936","article-title":"Metabolomics, physical activity, exercise and health: a review of the current evidence","volume":"1866","author":"Kelly","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001939","article-title":"Physical activity, all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular disease","volume":"51","author":"Kraus","year":"2019","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19010207","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk factors and physical activity for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases in the elderly","author":"Ciumarnean","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000512834","article-title":"Association of physical activity and sitting time with overweight\/obesity in chinese occupational populations","volume":"14","author":"Yuan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Obes Facts."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.185649","article-title":"Physical activity and public health: updated recommendation for adults from the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Heart Association","volume":"116","author":"Haskell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med."},{"key":"B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1302","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30370-1","article-title":"Does physical activity attenuate, or even eliminate, the detrimental association of sitting time with mortality? 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