{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T16:29:30Z","timestamp":1753892970556,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the overall health. Objectives are: (1) To compare metabolic (MRM) and cardiovascular-risk-markers (CRM) in children according to their PA-level; (2) to explore the associations of MRM and CRM with PA and sedentary time (ST); and (3) to identify the associations between MRM and CRM in less (LA) and more active (MA) children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 238 apparently healthy school-aged children were enrolled (132 boys\/106 girls; 9.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8\u2009years) and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) and blood pressure were assessed. Fasting venous blood sampling was performed to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Epicardial fat, interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thicknesses were assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography. PA and ST were assessed by enKid-questionnaire. Children were classified based on enKid-score as being LA and MA (below and above 50th percentile for PA).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>MA-children had lower values for: BMI SDS, diastolic-to-systolic blood pressure ratio, HOMA-IR and hsCRP (7.02 to 61.5% lower, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.040 to <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001) compared to LA-children. MRM and CRM were positively associated with ST (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.003 to <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001), and negatively associated with PA (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.044 to <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). Finally, MRM were positively associated with CRM (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.008 to <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001). Interestingly, the latter associations were observed in LA-children but were not present in MA-children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>More PA is associated with better cardio-metabolic profile in school-aged children. PA seems to modulate the associations between MRM and CRM, thus reinforcing the idea that fostering PA in children may lower the risk for development of a cardio-metabolic disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1339860","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T05:14:49Z","timestamp":1710911689000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Insulin resistance, C-reactive protein, diastolic to systolic blood pressure ratio and epicardial fat are related to sedentary time, and inversely related to physical activity in school-aged 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