{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:14:44Z","timestamp":1790745284343,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714953600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Men who have sex with men (MSM) face significant risks of <jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/jats:italic> (CT) and\/or <jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic> (NG) infection. Nevertheless, only limited studies have looked into the site-specific infection and clearance of CT\/NG. In order to prevent transmission, it is essential to understand the underlying factors that drive infection and spontaneous clearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A 12-week cohort study examined the association between CT\/NG infection, self-clearance, and sexual behaviors among MSM. The Willingness Service recruited participants who completed weekly questionnaires and provided urine, throat, and rectal swab samples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study involved 151 men, in which 51 (33.8%) were diagnosed with CT\/NG infection during the study period. HIV (OR\u2009=\u200911.31), kissing (OR\u2009=\u20091.59), receptive oral sex (OR\u2009=\u200936.64), and insertive anal sex (OR\u2009=\u200919.73) constituted significant risk factors. 100% condom use (OR\u2009=\u20095.78) and antibiotic (OR\u2009=\u20097.53) were more likely to cause spontaneous clearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>MSM may engage in riskier sexual behaviors due to insufficient knowledge and awareness of STI prevention, leading to increased susceptibility to NG\/CT. It is crucial to concentrate on enhancing health education for MSM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study found that the rectum was the most prevalent site of CT\/NG and sexual behavior can influence the infection. Additionally, the appropriate use of antibiotics and consistent condom use may contribute to clear spontaneously.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1348686","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,6]],"date-time":"2024-05-06T04:42:06Z","timestamp":1714970526000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Incidence and spontaneous clearance of gonorrhea and chlamydia infections among men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study in Zhuhai, 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