{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T15:01:35Z","timestamp":1792076495516,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Characterized by early construction periods, as the concentration of low-income populations and a high level of aging, affordable housing communities face prominent challenges such as incongruence between age-friendly construction and the needs of the older adult population. It is urgent to provide pathways and tools for identifying age-friendly issues and optimizing the built environment. The systematic evaluation of age-friendly communities serves as the foundation for implementing intervention measures by developers. Therefore, the construction of a scientifically systematic evaluation system becomes an objective necessity for age-friendly community development. Building upon existing research, this study systematically outlines the subjects, processes, methods, and content involved in constructing an age-friendly community evaluation system. By the methods such as factor analysis and analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the study focuses on the public spaces of affordable housing communities in Shenzhen as a case for constructing an age-friendly evaluation system. The empirical validation of the indicator system is conducted, and the application results are resulted into concrete improvement recommendations and action items, aiming to provide a practical, quantitative tool for community age-friendliness evaluation. The study reveals that adhering to an effective evaluation process, exploring collaborations among multiple stakeholders, determining hierarchical evaluation criteria, and adopting diversified evaluation methods are key to constructing an age-friendly evaluation system for communities. Additionally, the specificity of the evaluation system is influenced by regional demographic structures, policy backgrounds, and the built environment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1399852","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T11:20:26Z","timestamp":1721301626000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Construction and improvement strategies of an age-friendly evaluation system for public spaces in affordable housing communities: a case study of Shenzhen"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jiwen","family":"Han","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hang","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Life expectancy","author":"Roser","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref3","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2020.102940","article-title":"Meaning of age-friendly neighbourhood: an exploratory study with older adults and key informants in Singapore","volume":"107","author":"Bhuyan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.17269\/s41997-023-00806-0","article-title":"How environments can promote active aging: results from a case study of two municipalities in Quebec, Canada","volume":"115","author":"McNeil-Gauthier","year":"2023","journal-title":"Can J Public Health"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100977","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2020.100977","article-title":"Outdoor spaces and buildings, transportation, and environmental justice: a qualitative interpretive meta-synthesis of two age-friendly domains","volume":"20","author":"Ravi","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transp Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107922","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2021.107922","article-title":"Ten questions concerning age-friendly cities and communities and the built environment","volume":"199","author":"van Hoof","year":"2021","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18010133","article-title":"Developing age-friendly cities and communities: eleven case studies from around the world","volume":"18","author":"R\u00e9millard-Boilard","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s12126-014-9218-7","article-title":"Review of assessment tools for baseline and follow-up measurement of age-friendliness","volume":"40","author":"Dellamora","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ageing Int"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afz146","article-title":"Age-friendliness of living environments from the older person\u2019s viewpoint: development of the age-friendly environment assessment tool","volume":"49","author":"Garner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1355-0","article-title":"Development and validation of elder-friendly urban spaces questionnaire (EFUSQ)","volume":"19","author":"Lak","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"ref13","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref14","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref15","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref16","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref17","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-016-3681-x","article-title":"Older people's external residential assessment tool (operat): a complementary participatory and metric approach to the development of an observational environmental measure","volume":"16","author":"Burholt","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1002\/sd.1930","article-title":"Does aging-friendly enhance sustainability? Evidence from Hong Kong","volume":"27","author":"Qian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sustain Dev"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.93.9.1552","article-title":"Neighborhood-based differences in physical activity: an environment scale evaluation","volume":"93","author":"Saelens","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"key":"ref21","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1047625","article-title":"Research on the establishment of evaluation index system of the aging construction of the community","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1080\/02763893.2017.1309926","article-title":"Conceptualizing social connectivity in the context of age-friendly communities","volume":"31","author":"Menec","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Hous Elder"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-12438-5","article-title":"Developing indicators of age-friendly neighbourhood environments for urban and rural communities across 20 low-, middle-, and high-income countries","volume":"22","author":"Rugel","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104076","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2022.104076","article-title":"From service capacity to spatial equity: exploring a multi-stage decision-making approach for optimizing elderly-care facility distribution in the city Centre of Tianjin, China","volume":"85","author":"Cheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3826","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16203826","article-title":"Evaluation of long-term care insurance policy in Chinese pilot cities","volume":"16","author":"Zhang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.19819\/j.cnki.ISSN0529-1399.202202006","article-title":"A study on the design optimization of spatial performance for the rehabilitating function of community-based senior facilities the post-occupation evaluation of three examples in Shanghai","author":"Yao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Archit J"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"84","article-title":"A comparative study on environmental assessment tools for elderly care facilities","author":"Lian","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archit J"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.11982\/j.supr.20200601","article-title":"Research on the assessment of age-friendly community","author":"Yu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shanghai Urban Plan Rev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.13959\/j.issn.1003-2398.2018.04.008","article-title":"Selective strategies of affordable housing construction and its socio-spatial effects in large Chinese cities from the perspective of entrepreneurialism","volume":"33","author":"Liu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Geogr"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.11819\/cpr20160811a","article-title":"Primary exploration on the research of community age-friendliness evaluation index system","volume":"40","author":"Jia","year":"2016","journal-title":"City Plan Rev"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab051","article-title":"Assessing age-friendly community progress: what have we learned?","volume":"62","author":"Black","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s12062-017-9206-2","article-title":"Developing age-friendly cities: an evidence-based evaluation tool","volume":"12","author":"Buckner","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Popul Ageing"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1007\/s11205-017-1680-7","article-title":"A global pilot study of age-friendly city indicators","volume":"138","author":"Kano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc Indic Res"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2014.05.013","article-title":"Sustainable, age-friendly cities: an evaluation framework and case study application on Palo alto, California","volume":"14","author":"Ruza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"key":"ref36","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref37","article-title":"World report on ageing and health","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref38","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref39","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref40","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab115","article-title":"Contextualizing innovative housing models and services within the age-friendly communities framework","volume":"62","author":"Mahmood","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab055","article-title":"Measurement indicators of age-friendly communities: findings from the aarp age-friendly community survey","volume":"62","author":"Kim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2014.855043","article-title":"Developing age-friendly cities: case studies from Brussels and Manchester and implications for policy and practice","volume":"26","author":"Buffel","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2014.854583","article-title":"Collaborative partnership in age-friendly cities: two case studies from Quebec, Canada","volume":"26","author":"Garon","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2014.854651","article-title":"Age-friendly Portland: a university-city-community partnership","volume":"26","author":"Neal","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110514","DOI":"10.1016\/j.buildenv.2023.110514","article-title":"Views of older people on environmental sustainability: the development of the sustainable-16 questionnaire","volume":"242","author":"Dikken","year":"2023","journal-title":"Build Environ"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2018.1528116","article-title":"Facilitators and barriers to becoming age-friendly: a review","volume":"34","author":"Menec","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2023.2297594","article-title":"Cross-agency collaboration to address rural aging: the role of county government","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref49","first-page":"1","article-title":"The international experience and enlightenment of building age-friendly healthy communities","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Shanghai Urban Plan Rev"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1080\/08959420.2019.1636595","article-title":"Emergent challenges and opportunities to sustaining age-friendly initiatives: qualitative findings from a Canadian age-friendly funding program","volume":"34","author":"Russell","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Aging Soc Policy"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1009-6000.2022.01.007","article-title":"Review of foreign literature on community environment influencing the health of the elderly","volume":"61","author":"A","year":"2022","journal-title":"Modern Urban Res"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-6612.2009.00355.x","article-title":"What makes a community age-friendly: a review of international literature","volume":"28","author":"Lui","year":"2009","journal-title":"Australas J Ageing"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2011.11.001","article-title":"Making communities age friendly: state and municipal initiatives in Canada and other countries","volume":"25","author":"Plouffe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Gac Sanit"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1052","DOI":"10.1017\/S0144686X1200150X","article-title":"Older adults' perceptions of age-friendly communities in Canada: a photovoice study","volume":"34","author":"Novek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ageing Soc"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2031","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19042031","article-title":"A policy framework for producing age-friendly communities from the perspective of production of space","volume":"19","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2022.103568","article-title":"How older people experience the age-friendliness of the Hague: a quantitative study","volume":"124","author":"van Hoof","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref57","first-page":"114","article-title":"Two structures of affordable housing provision in large Chinese cities: practices in Guangzhou and Shenzhen against the background of development transition","author":"Qiu","year":"2020","journal-title":"South Archit"},{"key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1009-6000.2020.04.016","article-title":"The evolution process and countermeasure research of affordable housing in the new period: a case study of Nanjing","volume":"4","author":"You","year":"2020","journal-title":"Modern Urban Research"},{"key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102429","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apgeog.2021.102429","article-title":"Built environment, special economic zone, and housing prices in Shenzhen, China","volume":"129","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl Geogr"},{"key":"ref60","first-page":"86","article-title":"The trend, driving force, and coordination mechanism of affordable housing in China","volume":"36","author":"Zhao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Planners."},{"key":"ref61","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref62","year":""},{"key":"ref63","year":""},{"key":"ref64","year":""},{"key":"ref65","year":""},{"key":"ref66","article-title":"Guangdong provincial working committee on aging on the issuance of the \u201c14th five-year plan\u201d for the development of the cause of aging and the construction of the elderly service system in Guangdong province notice","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1002-6487.2003.08.055","article-title":"Description of r-type factor analysis model","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stat Decision"},{"key":"ref68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1016\/0377-2217(90)90057-I","article-title":"How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process","volume":"48","author":"Saaty","year":"1990","journal-title":"Eur J Oper Res"},{"key":"ref69","first-page":"33","article-title":"Theoretical reasoning of the use of indicators and indices for sustainable development assessment","volume":"3","author":"Ciegis","year":"2009","journal-title":"In\u017einerin\u0117 Ekonomika"},{"key":"ref70","first-page":"42","article-title":"Identification of age-friendly problems in built environment of mountainous urban neighborhoods: evidence of Chongqing area based on the development of audit tools\/","volume":"39","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Planners"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2018.01.020","article-title":"Beyond homeownership: housing conditions, housing support and rural migrant urban settlement intentions in China","volume":"78","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cities.2019.102449","article-title":"Do affordable housing programs facilitate migrants' social integration in Chinese cities?","volume":"96","author":"Zheng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cities"},{"key":"ref73","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.0529-1399.2019.02.009","article-title":"International practices and implications from the perspective of community intergenerational solidarity","author":"Fu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Archit J"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1399852\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]],"date-time":"2024-07-18T11:20:45Z","timestamp":1721301645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1399852\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"references-count":74,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1399852"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1399852","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,18]]},"article-number":"1399852"}}