{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T16:07:05Z","timestamp":1787501225369,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727395200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study evaluates the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of hand hygiene among healthcare workers, crucial for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) in medical facilities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study assessed hand hygiene KAP among healthcare workers across various settings in Hubei, China utilizing a stratified random sampling approach from, December 25, 2023-to-April 25, 2024. A bilingual electronic survey, adapted from validated tools, was disseminated via email and social media to ensure a broad reach. Participants included diverse healthcare professionals who met specific inclusion criteria. Responses were analyzed using R software, employing descriptive and inferential statistics to identify key predictors of hand hygiene behavior and to confirm the reliability of the survey instrument.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The survey of 2,265 healthcare workers revealed that 77% demonstrated comprehensive knowledge of hand hygiene, 80% exhibited positive attitudes, and 94% practiced effective hand hygiene. Notable findings include a significant understanding of hand hygiene\u2019s role in preventing respiratory illnesses (58%) and HAIs (41% agreed, 39% unsure). High compliance in practices like washing hands for at least 20\u2009s was evident (84%), though gaps in confidence about hand hygiene techniques were noted (33% confident, 56% unsure). Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that younger healthcare workers (21\u201330\u2009years) were more likely to exhibit both knowledge (OR\u2009=\u20097.4, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.44\u2013136,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.059) and positive attitudes (OR\u2009=\u20094.48, 95% CI\u2009=\u20091.73\u201311.8,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u20090.001) compared to other age groups. Significant associations were found between higher income levels and positive attitudes toward hand hygiene (OR for \u226580,000\u2009=\u20093.19, 95% CI\u2009=\u20092.05\u20135.02,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u20090.001), and between knowledge and practices, suggesting that well-informed individuals are more likely to adhere to recommended practices.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings reveal robust hand hygiene knowledge but uncover critical confidence gaps among healthcare workers, urging immediate, targeted educational interventions to fortify adherence and prevent infection outbreaks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1432445","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]],"date-time":"2024-09-27T00:42:52Z","timestamp":1727397772000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Evaluating hand hygiene knowledge, attitudes, and practices among healthcare workers in post-pandemic H1N1 influenza control: a cross-sectional study from China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qin","family":"Hong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuling","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"2","article-title":"A narrative review of influenza: a seasonal and pandemic disease","volume":"42","author":"Moghadami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iranian J Medical Sci"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"373","volume-title":"Influenza: epidemiology, clinical features, therapy, and prevention. 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