{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:37:14Z","timestamp":1778668634394,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogs have been proved to be harmful to human health. This study aimed to assess the correlation of BPA and its major analog, Bisphenol S (BPS), with metabolic parameters within main organs using <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography\/computed tomography (<jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>F-FDG PET\/CT) imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who had undergone FDG PET\/CT imaging and were also examined for BPA and BPS levels. Urine samples were collected for detection of BPA and BPS. Standardized uptake values (SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> and SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub>) of main organ tissues including liver, blood, spleen, muscle, thyroid, and cerebral cortex were quantified. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman\u2019s rank correlation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty patients (20 female, 20 male; mean age: 56.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f15.4\u202fyears) were included. Mean urine BPA and BPS concentrations were 2.1\u202f\u00b1\u202f1.2\u202fng\/mL and 1\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.6\u202fng\/mL, respectively. Urine BPA exhibited a moderate positive correlation with liver SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.351, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.026) and SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.361, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.022) in male. No significant correlations were found between BPA and blood, muscle, spleen, thyroid, and cerebral cortex (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;gt;\u202f0.05). Conversely, urine BPS demonstrated a negative correlation with thyroid SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> in male (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f\u22120.43, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.012) and SUV<jats:sub>mean<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f\u22120.432, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.012), while a positive correlation was observed between BPS and cerebral cortex SUV<jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub> in female (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.366, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.033).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Urinary levels of BPA and BPS exerted distinct influences on tissue metabolic parameters observed via FDG PET\/CT imaging, particularly affecting the liver, thyroid, and cerebral cortex.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T06:36:43Z","timestamp":1732689403000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Correlation of bisphenol A and bisphenol S exposure with the metabolic parameters on FDG PET\/CT image"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Liu","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.118752","article-title":"Health risks of Bisphenol-A exposure: from Wnt signaling perspective","volume":"251","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118433","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2024.118433","article-title":"Urinary concentrations of bisphenol A and its alternatives: potential predictors of and associations with antral follicle count among women from an infertility clinic in northern China","volume":"249","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4235","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867328666211206111835","article-title":"Perinatal exposure to bisphenol A and developmental programming of the cardiovascular changes in the offspring","volume":"29","author":"Sirasanagandla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Med Chem"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148796","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.148796","article-title":"The internal exposure of bisphenol analogues in South China adults and the associated health risks","volume":"795","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2011.04.010","article-title":"Bisphenol A (BPA) in China: a review of sources, environmental levels, and potential human health impacts","volume":"42","author":"Huang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17883-6","article-title":"Bisphenol A and its alternatives bisphenol S and F exposure with serum uric acid levels, hyperuricemia, and gout prevalence among US adults: a nationally representative cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Jiang","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1405533","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1405533","article-title":"Effects of environmental phenols on eGFR: machine learning modeling methods applied to cross-sectional studies","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2024.135178","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism in neurobehavioural phenotype and gut microbial composition upon long-term exposure to structural analogues of bisphenol-a","volume":"476","author":"Singh","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Hazard Mater"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e49652","DOI":"10.2196\/49652","article-title":"Association between urinary bisphenols and body composition among american adults: cross-sectional national health and nutrition examination survey study","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"JMIR Public Health Surveill"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232112859","article-title":"Glucuronidated metabolites of bisphenols a and s alter the properties of normal urothelial and bladder cancer cells","volume":"23","author":"Pellerin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2022.134088","article-title":"Non-targeted metabolomics revealing the effects of bisphenol analogues on human liver cancer cells","volume":"297","author":"Jia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chemosphere"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.21037\/qims-20-35","article-title":"Age-related changes of standardized uptake values in the blood pool and liver: a decade-long retrospective study of the outcomes of 2,526 subjects","volume":"11","author":"Cao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Quant Imaging Med Surg"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105811","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2020.105811","article-title":"Bisphenol A and its analogues: a comprehensive review to identify and prioritize effect biomarkers for human biomonitoring","volume":"144","author":"Mustieles","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"107517","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-29932-5","article-title":"Association of urinary bisphenols with thyroid function in the general population: a cross-sectional study of an industrial park in China","volume":"30","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"165711","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2023.165711","article-title":"Bisphenol analogues induce thyroid dysfunction via the disruption of the thyroid hormone synthesis pathway","volume":"900","author":"Hu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87170","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-21817-3","article-title":"Associations of bisphenol exposure with thyroid hormones in pregnant women: a prospective birth cohort study in China","volume":"29","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jes.2022.01.009","article-title":"Urinary concentrations of phenols, oxidative stress biomarkers and thyroid cancer: exploring associations and mediation effects","volume":"120","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Environ Sci"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110670","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2019.110670","article-title":"Effects of bisphenol S, a major substitute of bisphenol a, on neurobehavioral responses and cerebral monocarboxylate transporters expression in mice","volume":"132","author":"Mornagui","year":"2019","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"114060","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114060","article-title":"Chronic exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of bisphenol S differentially affects cognitive behaviors in adult female zebrafish","volume":"261","author":"Naderi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7948","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-023-31589-z","article-title":"Sex-specific associations of bisphenol A and its substitutes with body fat distribution among US adults: NHANES 2011-2016","volume":"31","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut Res Int"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433122\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T06:36:46Z","timestamp":1732689406000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433122\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433122"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1433122","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"article-number":"1433122"}}