{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T22:59:46Z","timestamp":1787612386930,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has accentuated the debate on the need for vaccination and called into question the need to increasingly bring this topic, which is widely disseminated in the scientific world, to school classes at all schooling phases. In this scenario, science education plays a key role in disseminating knowledge about the importance of vaccination and the impacting factors of a lack of immunization. In order to better understand this movement, it is necessary to understand the representations of individuals as a way of broadening paths to change this scenario.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to identify and analyse Brazilian primary school children\u2019s social representations of vaccination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using the free word recall technique, the term \u201cvaccination\u201d was applied to evoke children\u2019s ideas. The analysis of co-occurrences of evocations permitted us to identify their representations\u2019 centrality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results showed that the centralizing elements guiding these children\u2019s social representations were \u201cneedle,\u201d \u201cpain,\u201d and \u201chealth center.\u201d<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results show the need to prevent the phobia of needles that arises in the first vaccination experiences and reinforce the importance of discussing the subject of vaccination in science teaching. This issue is even more critical, given the spread and impact of \u201cfake news\u201d on social media. There is an increasing need to emphasize the importance of vaccination, not only as a factor of individual protection but also as a commitment to collective health. This study also showed that the school, as usual, must become an ally in tackling this reality with children and their families.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1434513","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T17:26:33Z","timestamp":1733505993000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vaccination: a look at the social representations of Brazilian children"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Suelen","family":"de Gaspi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos Alberto de Oliveira","family":"Magalh\u00e3es J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa Branca","family":"Tracana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduarda Maria","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gra\u00e7a S.","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.3895\/actio.v6n3.13133","article-title":"A ci\u00eancia como um processo: li\u00e7\u00f5es epistemol\u00f3gicas da pandemia. [Science as a process: epistemological lessons from the pandemic]","volume":"6","author":"Guzzo","year":"2021","journal-title":"ACTIO"},{"key":"ref2","author":"Vaz","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7476\/9786557081075","volume-title":"Vacinas. [Vaccines]","author":"Fernandes","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2022.05.049","article-title":"Moving vaccination beyond partisan politics","volume":"40","author":"Hoffman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Institui\u00e7\u00e3o da Vacina Antivari\u00f3lica no Imp\u00e9rio Luso Brasileiro nas Primeiras D\u00e9cadas do S\u00e9culo XIX [institution of the smallpox vaccine in the Luso-Brazilian empire in the first decades of the 19th century]","author":"Portugal","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"A Revolta da Vacina","author":"Azevedo","year":"2006"},{"key":"ref7","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref8","year":"1990"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Secretaria de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Fundamental. Par\u00e2metros Curriculares Nacionais: Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o aos Par\u00e2metros Curriculares Nacionais [National Curricular Parameters: Introduction to National Curricular Parameters]","year":"1997"},{"key":"ref10","volume-title":"Base Nacional Comum curricular [common National Curriculum Base]","year":"2017"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"1","volume-title":"A Ci\u00eancia e a M\u00eddia: a propaga\u00e7\u00e3o de fake news e sua rela\u00e7\u00e3o com o movimento anti-vacina no Brasil [science and the media: the spread of fake news and its relationship with the anti-vaccine movement in Brazil]","author":"Saraiva","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref12","author":"Wanderley","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref13","author":"Rodrigues","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref14","author":"Dominguez","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref15","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref16","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"2","article-title":"A Teoria das Representa\u00e7\u00f5es Teorias Sociais de Moscovici e a sua Import\u00e2ncia Para a Pesquisa em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o [the theory of representations Moscovici's social theories and their importance for research in education]","volume":"2","author":"Cruso\u00e9","year":"2004","journal-title":"APRENDER - Cad de Filosofia e Psic da Educa\u00e7\u00e3o"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"psychanalyse, son image et son public","author":"La","year":"1961"},{"key":"ref19","volume-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais do professor: comunica\u00e7\u00e3o, educa\u00e7\u00e3o e psicologia social [social representations of the teacher: Communication, education and social psychology]","author":"Marques","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"A Representa\u00e7\u00e3o social da Psican\u00e1lise [the social representation of psychoanalysis]","author":"Moscovici","year":"1978"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"127","article-title":"\u201cRepresenta\u00e7\u00f5es Sociais: uma teoria, muitos caminhos\u201d [social representations: one theory, many paths]","volume-title":"Metodologia da pesquisa em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o e Ensino de Ci\u00eancias","author":"Ortiz","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"155","volume-title":"As representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais","author":"Abric","year":"2001"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"21","article-title":"Social interactions and cognitive instruments\u2019 development among children","volume-title":"Thesocialization","author":"Doise","year":"1991"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1177\/1354067X0064002","article-title":"AmEdEe or how to get rid of it: Social Representations from a dialogical perspective","volume":"6","author":"Markov\u00e1","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cult Psychol."},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"77","article-title":"\u201cRepresenta\u00e7\u00f5es sociais e a forma\u00e7\u00e3o de professores de Ci\u00eancias: reflexos da pr\u00e1tica numa perspectiva inclusiva\u201d [social representations and the training of science teachers: reflections of practice from an inclusive perspective]","volume-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es Sociais, forma\u00e7\u00e3o de professores e Educa\u00e7\u00e3o","author":"Machado","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref26","article-title":"Pratiques sociales et representations. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France","author":"Abric","year":"1994"},{"key":"ref27","volume-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es Sociais: Investiga\u00e7\u00f5es em Psicologia social [social representations: Investigations in social psychology]","author":"Moscovici","year":"2003"},{"key":"ref28","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Contribui\u00e7\u00f5es metodol\u00f3gicas do desenho nas pesquisas de representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais em estudos com crian\u00e7as [methodological contributions of drawing in research on social representations in studies with children]","author":"Barra Nova","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref29","volume-title":"N\u00facleo central das representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais [Central nucleus of social representations]","author":"S\u00e1","year":"2002"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.24109\/2176-6681.rbep.99i252.3411","article-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais de estudantes do ensino m\u00e9dio sobre problemas ambientais [Social representations of high school students about environmental problems]","volume":"99","author":"Carmo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Rev bras Estud pedagog"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-37722011000400017","article-title":"Crit\u00e9rios de constru\u00e7\u00e3o e relato da an\u00e1lise protot\u00edpica para representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais [Criteria for constructing and reporting prototypical analysis for social representations]","volume":"27","author":"Wachelke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Psic"},{"key":"ref32","first-page":"9","article-title":"\u00cdndices complementares Para o estudo de uma representa\u00e7\u00e3o social a partir de evoca\u00e7\u00f5es livres: raridade, diversidade e comunidade [complementary indices for the study of social representation based on free evocations: rarity, diversity and community]","volume":"15","author":"Wolter","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psic: Teor e Pesq"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1590\/2175-3539202093928","article-title":"Igualdade, independentemente do que seja diferente: representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais sobre inclus\u00e3o de jovens com defici\u00eancia intelectual [equality, regardless of what is different: social representations about the inclusion of young people with intellectual disabilities]","volume":"24","author":"Azevedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psicol Esc Educ"},{"key":"ref34","volume-title":"N\u00facleo central das representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais [Central nucleus of social representations]","author":"S\u00e1","year":"1996"},{"key":"ref35","first-page":"1","article-title":"A representa\u00e7\u00e3o social do trabalho: uma contribui\u00e7\u00e3o Para o estudo da motiva\u00e7\u00e3o [the social representation of work: a contribution to the study of motivation]","author":"Ferreira","year":"2005","journal-title":"Esta\u00e7\u00e3o Cient\u00edfica"},{"key":"ref36","first-page":"65","article-title":"\u201cO \u2018coronav\u00edrus\u2019 nas representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais de estudantes de ensino m\u00e9dio: subs\u00eddios Para o ensino de ci\u00eancias\u201d [the \u2018coronavirus\u2019 in the social representations of high school students: subsidies for science teaching]","volume-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais na contemporaneidade","author":"Gaspi","year":"2021"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-79722009000100014","article-title":"\u00cdndice de centralidade de representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais a partir de evoca\u00e7\u00f5es (INCEV): exemplo de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o no estudo da representa\u00e7\u00e3o social sobre envelhecimento [Centrality index of social representations based on evocations (INCEV): example of application in the study of social representation on aging]","volume":"22","author":"Wachelke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psicol Reflex Crit"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.3406\/bupsy.1992.14128","article-title":"L\u2019\u00e9vocation de l\u2019argent: une m\u00e9thode pour la d\u00e9finition du noyau central d\u2019une repr\u00e9sentation","volume":"45","author":"Verg\u00e8s","year":"1992","journal-title":"Bull Psychol"},{"key":"ref39","first-page":"4","article-title":"L\u2019analyse de similitude: une technique pour les recherches sur les repr\u00e9sentations sociales","volume":"1","author":"Flament","year":"1981","journal-title":"Curr Psychol Cogn"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.29286\/rep.v29ijan\/dez.9029","article-title":"Profissionalidade do professor de educa\u00e7\u00e3o b\u00e1sica nas Representa\u00e7\u00f5es Sociais de estudantes de Pedagogia [professionality of the basic education teacher in the social representations of pedagogy students]","volume":"29","author":"Donato","year":"2020","journal-title":"Rev Educ P\u00fablic"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"1","article-title":"A representa\u00e7\u00e3o social sobre \u201c\u00e1gua\u201d de professores","volume":"9","author":"Bortolai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev Educ Ci\u00eanc Matem\u00e1t"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2009.07.022","article-title":"Inadequate pain management during routine childhood immunizations: the nerve of it","author":"Taddio","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"key":"ref43","author":"Sa\u00fade","year":"2018"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-166X1998000300003","article-title":"Representa\u00e7\u00f5es sociais de crian\u00e7as acerca da sua realidade escolar [Children's social representations about their school reality]","volume":"15","author":"Chaves","year":"1998","journal-title":"Estud Psicol"},{"key":"ref45","author":"Cunha","year":"2014"},{"key":"ref46","article-title":"An\u00e1lise Protot\u00edpica e de Similitude em Representa\u00e7\u00f5es Sociais [Prototypic and Similarity Analysis in Social Representations]","volume-title":"An\u00e1lise de dados em Educa\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Matem\u00e1tica","author":"Carmo","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1590\/S0104-42302005000200013","article-title":"A vacina\u00e7\u00e3o no conte\u00fado de livros escolares [vaccination in the content of school books]","volume":"51","author":"Succi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1434513\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]],"date-time":"2024-12-06T17:26:43Z","timestamp":1733506003000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1434513\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1434513"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1434513","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,6]]},"article-number":"1434513"}}