{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T04:00:07Z","timestamp":1768968007044,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Dengue is a public health challenge worldwide. Brazil registered about 70% of cases in Latin America in 2023; in 2024, the country is experiencing an unprecedented increase in the number of infected individuals. By May 2024, more than 4 million people were infected. Our goal was to: (1) determine the epidemiology of dengue cases and their spatiotemporal distribution and (2) carry out a survey of the storm drains and through a geospatial analysis to determine their possible correlation with cases of dengue in Presidente Prudente, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cases and information on the habitat of mosquito in the storm drain underground drainage system from 2020 to 2021 were obtained from public agencies. Larvae, pupae, and <jats:italic>Ae. aegypti<\/jats:italic> were identified according to species and described in taxonomic keys. Kernel density maps were constructed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>From 1996 to 2023, the prevalence of cases peaked in 2016 and 2019, and in 2023 reached alarming levels, and the city was considered hyperendemic. In 2021, 2,609 cases were registered with 2 clusters of high density. Of 5,492 storm drains analyzed, 18.0% were found to have water, 9.0% had larvae or pupae of <jats:italic>Aedes aegypti<\/jats:italic> and 91.0% were classified as dirty or damaged. A direct correlation between the kernel layer of cases in 2021 with the kernel layer of storm drains containing water (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.651) and larvae and pupae (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic> = 0.576) was found, suggesting that storm drains are risk factors and have an impact on the maintenance of dengue endemicity. The high number of damaged units found demonstrated the lack of storm drain management, compromising the urban drainage system and possibly contributing to dengue outbreaks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Policymakers may use these findings to improve existing dengue control strategies focusing on the control of storm drains and increase local and global perspectives on reducing dengue outbreaks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1442622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T04:39:03Z","timestamp":1725943143000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Impact of storm drains on the maintenance of dengue endemicity in Presidente Prudente, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil: a geospatial and epidemiologic approach"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Elaine Aparecida Maldonado","family":"Bertacco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz Euribel","family":"Prestes-Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata Ribeiro","family":"de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lourdes Aparecida Zampieri","family":"D'Andrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiza Sant'Anna","family":"Pinheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edilson Ferreira","family":"Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","unstructured":"As Dengue Cases Increase Globally, Vector Control, Community Engagement Key to Prevent Spread of the Disease"},{"key":"B2","unstructured":"Nota Informativa N\u00b0 13\/2023-CGARB\/DEDT\/SVSA\/MSAlerta acerca do aumento do n\u00famero de casos de dengue no Brasil em2023"},{"key":"B3","unstructured":"Painel de monitoramento das arboviroses, atualiza\u00e7\u00e3o de casos de arboviroses, dengue"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed6030156","article-title":"Double trouble: dengue followed by COVID-19 infection acquired in two different regions: a doctor's case report and spatial distribution of cases in Presidente Prudente, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil","volume":"6","author":"Pereira","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1080\/09603123.2023.2199972","article-title":"Dengue outbreaks in a city with recent transmission in S\u00e3o Paulo state, Brazil","volume":"34","author":"Prestes-Carneiro","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Environ Health Res."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-016-1705-0","article-title":"Storm drains as larval development and adult resting sites for Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Salvador, Brazil","volume":"9","author":"Paploski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3390\/tropicalmed5010009","article-title":"The removal of subterranean stormwater drain sumps as mosquito breeding sites in Darwin, Australia","volume":"5","author":"Warchot","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop Med Infect Dis."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-019-3496-6","article-title":"Spatiotemporal analysis and environmental risk factors of visceral leishmaniasis in an urban setting in S\u00e3o Paulo State, Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Prestes-Carneiro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"B9","unstructured":"Portal do IBGE. 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Bras\u00edlia\/DF2001"},{"key":"B11","volume-title":"Manual de Vigil\u00e2ncia entomol\u00f3gica de Aedes aegypti \/ Aedes aegypti entomologic surveillance guide.","author":"Silva","year":"1997"},{"key":"B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6550","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-10512-5","article-title":"Data-driven computational intelligence applied to dengue outbreak forecasting: a case study at the scale of the city of Natal, RN-Brazil","volume":"12","author":"Sanchez-Gendriz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"GH000653","DOI":"10.1029\/2022GH000653","article-title":"Aedes aegypti\u2014insights on the impact of water services","volume":"6","author":"Novaes","year":"2022","journal-title":"GeoHealth."},{"key":"B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.2987\/12-6244R.1","article-title":"Storm sewers as larval habitats for Aedes aegypti and Culex spp. in a neighborhood of Merida, Mexico","volume":"28","author":"Manrique-Saide","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc."},{"key":"B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0007213","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007213","article-title":"Global expansion and redistribution of Aedes-borne virus transmission risk with climate change","volume":"13","author":"Ryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl Trop Dis."},{"key":"B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"12667","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-92190-3","article-title":"Impact of underground storm drain systems on larval ecology of Culex and Aedes species in urban environments of Southern California","volume":"11","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2266-6","article-title":"Effect of an intervention in storm drains to prevent Aedes aegypti reproduction in Salvador, Brazil","volume":"10","author":"Souza","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors."},{"key":"B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.2987\/12-6320R.1","article-title":"An assessment of the importance of subsurface catch basins for Aedes aegypti adult production during the dry season in a neighborhood of Merida, Mexico","volume":"29","author":"Manrique-Saide","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Mosq Control Assoc."},{"key":"B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3376\/1081-1710(2006)31[334:FAMPFS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Factors affecting mosquito production from stormwater drains and catch basins in two Florida cities","volume":"31","author":"Rey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Vector Ecol."},{"key":"B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2013.12.019","article-title":"Reduction in dengue cases observed during mass control of Aedes (Stegomyia) in street catch basins in an endemic urban area in Colombia","volume":"132","author":"Ocampo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Trop."}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1442622\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]],"date-time":"2024-09-10T04:39:09Z","timestamp":1725943149000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1442622\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"references-count":20,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1442622"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1442622","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,10]]},"article-number":"1442622"}}