{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:26:33Z","timestamp":1792009593509,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732665600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sarcopenia is a common age-related disease, defined as a decrease in muscle strength and function owing to reduced skeletal muscle. One way to diagnose sarcopenia is through gait analysis and foot-pressure imaging.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Motivation and research gap<\/jats:title><jats:p>We collected our own multimodal dataset from 100 subjects, consisting of both foot-pressure and skeleton data with real patients, which provides a unique resource for future studies aimed at more comprehensive analyses. While artificial intelligence has been employed for sarcopenia detection, previous studies have predominantly focused on skeleton-based datasets without exploring the combined potential of skeleton and foot pressure dataset. This study conducts separate experiments for foot-pressure and skeleton datasets, it demonstrates the potential of each data type in sarcopenia classification.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study had two components. First, we collected skeleton and foot-pressure datasets and classified them into sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia groups based on grip strength, gait performance, and appendicular skeletal muscle mass. Second, we performed experiments on the foot-pressure dataset using the ResNet-18 and spatiotemporal graph convolutional network (ST-GCN) models on the skeleton dataset to classify normal and abnormal gaits due to sarcopenia. For an accurate diagnosis, real-time walking of 100 participants was recorded at 30 fps as RGB\u2009+\u2009D images. The skeleton dataset was constructed by extracting 3D skeleton information comprising 25 feature points from the image, whereas the foot-pressure dataset was constructed by exerting pressure on the foot-pressure plates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a baseline evaluation, the accuracies of sarcopenia classification performance from foot-pressure image using Resnet-18 and skeleton sequences using ST-GCN were identified as 77.16 and 78.63%, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experimental results demonstrated the potential applications of sarcopenia and non-sarcopenia classifications based on foot-pressure images and skeleton sequences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1443188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]],"date-time":"2024-11-27T05:14:41Z","timestamp":1732684481000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Sarcopenia diagnosis using skeleton-based gait sequence and foot-pressure image datasets"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Tahir","family":"Naseem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na-Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haneol","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JaeMok","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chul-Min","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunghoon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan-Su","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","year":"2015"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051293","article-title":"Sarcopenia: a contemporary health problem among older adult populations","volume":"12","author":"Papadopoulou","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1093\/ageing\/afy169","article-title":"Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis","volume":"48","author":"Cruz-Jentoft","year":"2019","journal-title":"Age Ageing"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2019.12.012","article-title":"Asian working Group for Sarcopenia: 2019 consensus update on sarcopenia diagnosis and treatment","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Med Dir Assoc"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2011.01.003","article-title":"Sarcopenia: an undiagnosed condition in older adults. 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