{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T06:48:16Z","timestamp":1789109296720,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to investigate the occupational epidemiological characteristics of hearing loss among noise-exposed workers through a cross-sectional study and to explore the impact of combined noise and dust exposure on workers\u2019 hearing loss through a longitudinal study.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This cross-sectional study revealed that the risk of speech-frequency hearing loss increases with age (OR\u2009=\u20091.096, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.081\u20131.111). Independent factors influencing high-frequency hearing loss include sex, age, hazardous factors, industry category, and enterprise size. Scientific research and technical services (OR\u2009=\u20091.607, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.111\u20132.324), wholesale and retail (OR\u2009=\u20092.144, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.479\u20133.107), manufacturing (OR\u2009=\u20091.907, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.429\u20132.545), and other industries (OR\u2009=\u20091.583, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.002\u20132.502) are risk factors for high-frequency hearing loss, whereas being female (OR\u2009=\u20090.297, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.236\u20130.373) is a protective factor against high-frequency hearing loss. Independent factors influencing occupational noise-induced hearing loss include sex, working age, hazardous factors, industry category, smoking, and drinking, with the risk of occupational noise-induced hearing loss increasing with working age (OR\u2009=\u20091.045, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.031\u20131.058). Noise and dust work (OR\u2009=\u20091.271, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.011\u20131.597), other work (OR\u2009=\u20090.619, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.479\u20130.800), manufacturing (OR\u2009=\u20092.085, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.336\u20133.254), other industries (OR\u2009=\u20092.063, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.060\u20134.012), occasional smokers (OR\u2009=\u20090.863, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.652\u20131.142), regular smokers (OR\u2009=\u20091.216, 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.987\u20131.497), and excessive drinkers (OR\u2009=\u20092.171, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.476\u20133.193) are risk factors for occupational noise-induced hearing loss, whereas being female (OR\u2009=\u20090.496, 95%CI\u2009=\u20090.347\u20130.709) is a protective factor against occupational noise-induced hearing loss. The longitudinal study revealed differences in pure-tone hearing threshold test results at 500\u2009Hz, 1,000\u2009Hz, 3,000\u2009Hz, 4,000\u2009Hz, and 6,000\u2009Hz in both ears before and after enrollment among noise-exposed workers (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Combined noise and dust exposure (OR\u2009=\u20094.660, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.584\u201313.711), 1st year (OR\u2009=\u20091.540, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.128\u20132.103), 2nd year (OR\u2009=\u20091.994, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.409\u20132.821), and 3rd year (OR\u2009=\u20091.628, 95%CI\u2009=\u20091.170\u20132.264) were risk factors for high-frequency hearing loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined noise and dust exposure is a risk factor for occupational noise-induced hearing loss. Additionally, occupational noise-induced hearing loss is influenced by gender, working age, enterprise industry category, smoking, and drinking. Employers should enhance occupational health management and improve workers\u2019 occupational health literacy, with a particular focus on older male workers of long working age, and those with unhealthy habits. Combined exposure to noise and dust may have a synergistic effect on causing high-frequency hearing loss, and comprehensive protective measures should be implemented for workers exposed to both.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1488065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T09:08:45Z","timestamp":1730279325000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Occupational epidemiological characteristics of noise-induced hearing loss and the impact of combined exposure to noise and dust on workers\u2019 hearing\u2014a retrospective 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