{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:53:47Z","timestamp":1792792427133,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759795200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"Purpose<\/jats:title>Studies indicate that the conventional practice of turning patients every 2\u202fh has certain limitations in preventing pressure injuries among paraplegic patients. This study aimed to explore the application effect of skin interface pressure combined with skin temperature monitoring to prevent pressure injury (PI) in paraplegic patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Using convenience sampling, 89 paraplegic patients from the Department of Rehabilitation, Department of Orthopedics, Wound Center, and Department of Neurology of two tertiary hospitals in Wenzhou (from January 2021 to July 2023) were randomly assigned to the study and control groups. The study group received infrared thermography and portable pressure\/temperature monitoring at pressure points, guiding personalized position management plans. In contrast, the control group received routine disease treatment and standard pressure injury protection. Follow-up assessments were conducted at 3-, 6-, and 12-month post-intervention for both groups. Data collected included pressure injury incidence rates at these three time points, patient satisfaction scores, nursing time spent on positioning management during hospitalization, and mean daily frequency of position changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>The incidence of pressure injury in the study group and the control group at 3, 6, and 12\u202fmonths after the end of the trial was 2.3% vs. 6.7, 4.5% vs. 13.3, and 4.5% vs. 20%, respectively. Spearman\u2019s correlation analysis found that the sacrococcygeal pressure values of paraplegic patients were positively correlated with the occurrence of pressure injuries (r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.676), while the skin temperature values were negatively correlated with pressure injuries (r<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f\u22120.701). The degrees of patients\u2019 satisfaction with nursing in the study group were significantly higher than those of the control group. Furthermore, the nursing workload of the study group was considerably less than that of the control group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>This study implied that personalized positioning guided by real-time sacral pressure and skin temperature monitoring significantly reduced long-term PI incidence in paraplegic patients. Pressure and temperature may serve as validated early-warning indicators. Our findings supported replacing rigid 2-h schedules with individualized protocols.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1521948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T05:36:16Z","timestamp":1759815376000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effectiveness of skin interface pressure and temperature monitoring for pressure injury prevention in paraplegic patients: a comparative study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Aimei","family":"Miao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cai","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Ni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shaobo","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Lv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haohao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoqiong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huifen","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104557","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2023.104557","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to implementing pressure injury prevention and management guidelines in acute care: a mixed-methods systematic review","volume":"145","author":"Wan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S29","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2022.31.Sup12.S29","article-title":"Development, dissemination and evaluation of a smartphone-based app for pressure ulcer\/injury prevention and treatment for use at the bedside","volume":"31","author":"Cuddigan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Wound Care"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09045-y","article-title":"Effect of a computerized decision support system on the treatment approach of stage III or IV pressure injury in patients with spinal cord injury: a feasibility study","volume":"23","author":"Scheel-Sailer","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"89","article-title":"The influence of moisture wound healing on the incidence of bacterial infection and histological changes in healthy human skin after treatment of interactive dressings","volume":"45","author":"Koupil","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Chir Plast"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1038\/sc.2013.91","article-title":"Prevalence, location, grade of pressure ulcers and association with specific patient characteristics in adult spinal cord injury patients during the hospital stay: a prospective cohort study","volume":"51","author":"Scheel-Sailer","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spinal Cord"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e170","DOI":"10.1097\/BCR.0b013e318233570d","article-title":"Increasing the options for management of large and complex chronic wounds with a scalable, closed-system dressing for maggot therapy","volume":"33","author":"Felder","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Burn Care Res"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"40","article-title":"A prospective, descriptive, quality improvement study to investigate the impact of a turn-and-position device on the incidence of hospital-acquired sacral pressure ulcers and nursing staff time needed for repositioning patients","volume":"62","author":"Hall","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1080\/10790268.2020.1800965","article-title":"Frequency of turning in bed at home in persons with chronic spinal cord injury","volume":"45","author":"Eren","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Spinal Cord Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.52198\/22.STI.41.WH1602","article-title":"Novel smart sensor platform for monitoring multiple pressure injury risk factors: a feasibility study in a post-acute care facility","volume":"41","author":"Woo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg Technol Int"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.15576","article-title":"Application of infrared thermography in the early warning of pressure injury: a prospective observational study","volume":"30","author":"Cai","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.3761\/j.issn.0254-1769.2016.02.011","article-title":"The research progress of inpatients' satisfaction questionnaire with nursing care at domestic and abroad","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Nurs"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.12104\/j.issn.1674-4748.2022.02.023","article-title":"The impact of a 3.5-hour repositioning interval on the incidence of hospital-acquired pressure injuries, body pressure levels at different sites, and comfort in elderly patients at high risk of pressure ulcers","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract Nurs"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1097\/WON.0000000000000633","article-title":"Incidence of pressure injury in individuals with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"Chen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Wound Ostomy Continence Nurs"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e27692","DOI":"10.2196\/27692","article-title":"Videoconferencing in pressure injury: randomized controlled telemedicine trial in patients with spinal cord injury","volume":"6","author":"Irgens","year":"2022","journal-title":"JMIR Form Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2015.06.006","article-title":"The cost of prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers: a systematic review","volume":"52","author":"Demarre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Stud"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(22)00309-X","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury: progress and challenges in prevention, clinical care, and research","volume":"21","author":"Maas","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2023.11.005","article-title":"Evaluation of perioperative pressure injury in adults 65 years and older: a prospective cohort study","volume":"33","author":"Uslu","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apnr.2019.05.013","article-title":"How consistent and effective are current repositioning strategies for pressure ulcer prevention?","volume":"48","author":"Woodhouse","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Nurs Res"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2024.09.005","article-title":"Incidence of medical device-related pressure injuries and identification of risk factors in the neonatal unit","volume":"33","author":"Yarkiner","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.4037\/ajcc2022242","article-title":"Pressure injury outcomes of a prone-positioning protocol in patients with COVID and ARDS","volume":"31","author":"Johnson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Crit Care"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4618","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.17431","article-title":"Community-acquired pressure injuries: prevalence, risk factors and effect of care bundles-an integrative review","volume":"33","author":"Aloweni","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1111\/wvn.12638","article-title":"Using wearable technology to prevent pressure injuries: an integrative review","volume":"20","author":"Crotty","year":"2023","journal-title":"Worldviews Evid-Based Nurs"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.14250","article-title":"Perfusion, tissue oxygenation and peripheral temperature in the skin of heels of healthy participants exposed to pressure: a quasi-experimental study","volume":"76","author":"Gomez-Gonzalez","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13010145","article-title":"Electronic alert signal for early detection of tissue injuries in patients: an innovative pressure sensor mattress","volume":"13","author":"Mamom","year":"2023","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtv.2019.01.001","article-title":"Prevention and treatment of pressure ulcers\/injuries: the protocol for the second update of the international clinical practice guideline 2019","volume":"28","author":"Kottner","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Tissue Viability"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"16","article-title":"Relative contributions of interface pressure, shear stress, and temperature on ischemic-induced, skin-reactive hyperemia in healthy volunteers: a repeated measures laboratory study","volume":"61","author":"Lachenbruch","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ostomy Wound Manage"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275-84; quiz 285-6","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASW.0000398663.66530.46","article-title":"Preventing pressure ulcers in people with spinal cord injury: targeting risky life circumstances through community-based interventions","volume":"24","author":"Vaishampayan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Adv Skin Wound Care"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1521948\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T05:36:22Z","timestamp":1759815382000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1521948\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1521948"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1521948","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]]},"article-number":"1521948"}}