{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T13:39:29Z","timestamp":1770471569421,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Social determinants of health (SDoH) are increasingly recognized as key factors in addressing health inequities. This study aimed to explore the association between SDoH and risk of prostate cancer (PCa).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003\u20132010. PCa diagnosis was based on self-reported questionnaires, while highly-probable PCa was assessed using prostate-specific antigen levels. Multivariate logistic regression, restricted cubic spline, and subgroup analysis were performed. Three models were employed: the crude model (unadjusted), model 1 (adjusted for age and race\/ethnicity), and model 2 (further adjusted for body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking status).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median age of 5,633 participants was 54 years. A negative association was found between the SDoH score and PCa prevalence (OR = 0.868, 95% CI: 0.786\u20130.959, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.006). Specifically, a family income-to-poverty ratio &amp;lt; 3 (OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.499\u20130.954, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.029) and lack of healthcare access or reliance on emergency rooms (OR = 0.429, 95% CI: 0.218\u20130.842, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.017) were independently associated with lower PCa prevalence. In model 2, no significant association was found between SDoH and highly probable PCa. A linear association between SDoH and PCa prevalence was observed. A consistently negative association was noted among participants aged \u2265 60 years, Non-Hispanic Black, Non-Hispanic White, and non-obese individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The negative association between SDoH and PCa prevalence is likely attributable to inadequate screening and underreporting, rather than any protective effects. Unfavorable SDoH is not a risk factor for the onset of PCa. This study underscores the importance of addressing disparities in healthcare access and improving equity in PCa screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1564498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T07:59:08Z","timestamp":1741766348000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Exploration of social determinants of health and prostate cancer prevalence in the US: a cross-sectional study of NHANES data from 2003 to 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