{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,5]],"date-time":"2026-06-05T21:06:36Z","timestamp":1780693596659,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mobile health applications and artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly utilized to streamline clinical workflows and support functional assessment. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a standardized framework for evaluating patient functioning, yet AI-driven ICF mapping tools remain underexplored in routine clinical settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of the MedQuest mobile application\u2014featuring integrated AI-based ICF mapping\u2014compared to traditional paper-based assessment in hospitalized patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted in two medical centers in Astana, Kazakhstan. A total of 185 adult inpatients (\u226518\u202fyears) were randomized to either a control group using paper questionnaires or an experimental group using the MedQuest app. Both groups completed identical standardized assessments (SF-12, IPAQ, VAS, Barthel Index, MRC scale). The co-primary outcomes were (1) total questionnaire completion time and (2) agreement between AI-generated and clinician-generated ICF mappings, assessed using quadratic weighted kappa. Secondary outcomes included AI sensitivity\/specificity, confusion matrix analysis, and physician usability ratings via the System Usability Scale (SUS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The experimental group completed questionnaires significantly faster than the control group (median 18 vs. 28\u202fmin, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Agreement between AI- and clinician-generated ICF mappings was substantial (<jats:italic>\u03ba<\/jats:italic>\u202f=\u202f0.842), with 80.6% of qualifiers matching exactly. The AI demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity for common functional domains (e.g., codes 1\u20132), though performance decreased for rare qualifiers. The micro-averaged sensitivity and specificity were 0.806 and 0.952, respectively. Mean SUS score among physicians was 86.8, indicating excellent usability and acceptability.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The MedQuest mobile application significantly improved workflow efficiency and demonstrated strong concordance between AI- and clinician-assigned ICF mappings. These findings support the feasibility of integrating AI-assisted tools into routine clinical documentation. A hybrid model, combining AI automation with clinician oversight, may enhance accuracy and reduce documentation burden in time-constrained healthcare environments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:uri>ClinicalTrials.gov<\/jats:uri>, identifier NCT07021781.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1590401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T05:24:58Z","timestamp":1754371498000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Artificial intelligence\u2013enhanced mapping of the international classification of functioning, disability and health via a mobile app: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Zhandos","family":"Kurban","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Didar","family":"Khassenov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhandos","family":"Burkitbaev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sholpan","family":"Bulekbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azat","family":"Chinaliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serik","family":"Bakhtiyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samat","family":"Saparbayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tokan","family":"Sultanaliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulzhalgas","family":"Zhunissova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalia","family":"Slivkina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Titskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Arias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana","family":"Aldakuatova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gulfairus","family":"Yessenbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhanerke","family":"Ermakhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1007\/S11920-021-01254-8","article-title":"Digital 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