{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T16:47:20Z","timestamp":1758905240970,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]],"date-time":"2025-07-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752019200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Timed and targeted care for families (ttCF) is a community-based intervention implemented under the Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (MNCH) project (2021\u20132025) in Eastern Visayas, Philippines. The ttCF aims to improve maternal and child health during the first 1,000\u202fdays of life. The study presents the design of impact and implementation process evaluations of the ttCF program.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A comprehensive evaluation framework was developed, including (1) a quasi-experimental study with 6 intervention and 6 comparison municipalities, (2) multiple cross-sectional surveys only in 16 intervention municipalities, and (3) a process evaluation guided by the RE-AIM framework (reach, impact\/outcomes, adoption, implementation and maintenance). In intervention areas, barangay health workers (BHWs) conducted 12 structured home visits from pregnancy through the child\u2019s second birthday. Comparison areas received standard government health services. The outcomes include continued health and nutrition during the first 1,000\u202fdays of life, and the utilization of antenatal and postnatal health services. Data sources include household surveys, monitoring records, and qualitative data collection.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the quasi-experimental study, 1,518 pregnant or mothers with children under 2\u202fyears were enrolled, with 1,313 followed up 1 year later. For the cross-sectional surveys, 720 women were assessed at baseline and 896 at midline. As of December 2024, over 6,280 women were registered in the monitoring database. A total of 61 participants, including mothers, husbands, family members, and BHWs, were assessed at focus group discussions and in-depth interviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The comprehensive evaluation will provide an in-depth understanding of the ttCF impact pathway, strategic monitoring, and the quality of program implementation. The evidence will inform the strengthening of community health system by promoting BHW engagement and guiding community interventions to improve maternal and child health outcomes in the Philippines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1594388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,10]],"date-time":"2025-07-10T05:47:28Z","timestamp":1752126448000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation planning for the timed and targeted care for families program in Eastern Visayas, Philippines"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yunhee","family":"Kang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherlyn Mae","family":"Provido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heunghee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hee Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Heyeon","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jihwan","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Levels and trends in child mortality: Report 2024 \u2013 Estimates developed by the United Nations inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref2","volume-title":"Trends in maternal mortality estimates 2000 to 2023: estimates by WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA, World Bank Group and UNDESA\/Population Division","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60955-7","article-title":"Maternal mortality in Bangladesh: a countdown to 2015 country case study","volume":"384","author":"El Arifeen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-017-0790-3","article-title":"Factors behind the success story of under-five stunting in Peru: a district ecological multilevel analysis","volume":"17","author":"Huicho","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Pediatr"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.14.138131","article-title":"Success factors for reducing maternal and child mortality","volume":"92","author":"Kuruvilla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1186\/s12978-018-0527-2","article-title":"A global view of severe maternal morbidity: moving beyond maternal mortality","volume":"15","author":"Geller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Reprod Health"},{"key":"ref7","volume-title":"In WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1736","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60685-6","article-title":"Women's groups practising participatory learning and action to improve maternal and newborn health in low-resource settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"381","author":"Prost","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref9","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30104-1","article-title":"Countdown to 2030: tracking progress towards universal coverage for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health","volume":"391","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S76","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2013-305737","article-title":"The post-2015 agenda: staying the course in maternal and child survival","volume":"100","author":"Requejo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"ref12","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref13","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref14","volume-title":"8th national nutrition survey 2015, FNRIDOST","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"86","article-title":"Information delivery in the provision of barangay health services in barangay Dawis, Digos City, Philippines","volume":"3","author":"Sumaylo","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Asia Pac Stud"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.2149\/tmh.2014-40","article-title":"Understanding postpartum healthcare services and exploring the challenges and motivations of maternal health service providers in the Philippines: a qualitative study","volume":"43","author":"Yamashita","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop Med Health"},{"key":"ref17","article-title":"Timed and targeted counselling for health and nutrition. 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