{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T05:19:39Z","timestamp":1764652779733,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764633600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010890","name":"Chinese Government Scholarship","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010890","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 waves on mental health, pandemic-related wellbeing, and social functioning in adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) and without AD in the Dutch general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Between 2020 and 2022, 31 COVID-19 questionnaires (COVQs) were sent to 140,145 Lifelines adult participants, collecting data on mental health [major depression disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)], pandemic-related wellbeing [COVID-19-related concerns, quality of life (QoL)], and social functioning (loneliness, social relations). AD information was collected through a digital questionnaire sent to all Lifelines adults in 2020. Data were divided into three waves according to the COVID-19 timeline in the Netherlands: March\u2013June 2020 (wave 1); July 2020\u2013June 2021 (wave 2); July 2021\u2013October 2022 (wave 3). Generalized linear mixed models were performed for each outcome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 49,216 participants with 790,936 completed COVQs were included. Compared with wave 1, almost all health-related outcomes, including the prevalence of MDD and GAD, COVID-19-related concerns, loneliness, and QoL, had returned to similar levels by wave 3 in the overall population, while social relations remained impaired. Furthermore, participants with moderate-to-severe AD, women, young adults (18\u201329 years), and those with a history of mental health problems showed worse health-related outcomes than their counterparts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both participants with and without moderate-to-severe AD showed partial recovery in mental health and wellbeing by the third COVID-19 wave; however, social relations remained impaired. Individual with moderate-to-severe AD, women, younger adults, and those with pre-existing mental health problems were more affected overall. Future studies should focus on developing strategies to improve social connectedness, and vulnerable groups warrant continued attention.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1641763","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T05:14:49Z","timestamp":1764652489000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic waves on adults with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in the Dutch general population: a population-based longitudinal cohort study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Loman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douwe","family":"Postmus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marie L. 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