{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T15:37:41Z","timestamp":1765208261203,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Testing remains one of the most effective strategies for reducing the spread of COVID-19. COVID-19 rapid antigen tests are well-suited for at-home use; however, several barriers, including language, hinder the widespread adoption of self-testing. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the impact of a bilingual digital health intervention on self-efficacy, intentions, and willingness to self-administer a COVID-19 antigen rapid test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f150) were randomly assigned to one of two experimental conditions: (1) an intervention group who received the bilingual digital health intervention, or (2) a control group who received the standard iHealth\u00ae instructions typically included with COVID-19 antigen rapid test kits.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants in the bilingual digital health intervention reported significantly higher intentions to self-test for COVID-19 (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f4.26 vs. 3.82),\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      (143)\u202f=\u202f\u22122.37,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.019, and greater willingness to test themselves (\n                      <jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f4.25 vs. 3.89),\n                      <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic>\n                      (142)\u202f=\u202f\u22121.99,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.047.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings suggest that the bilingual digital health intervention may have a positive impact on enhancing intentions and willingness to self-administer a COVID-19 antigen rapid test. These findings highlight the potential of culturally and linguistically tailored digital health interventions to reduce barriers and promote access to at-home COVID-19 testing in Hispanic communities. Notably, to help alleviate cost barriers associated with purchasing COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits, the research team collaborated with a highly qualified team of Community Health Workers (CHWs) to disseminate approximately 4,500 free COVID-19 test kits throughout the community.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1662987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T14:43:10Z","timestamp":1765204990000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Bilingual digital health intervention to improve COVID-19 self-testing intentions among Hispanic adults"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Uchenna Osuagwu","family":"Gbugu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bibiana","family":"Mancera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadesse","family":"Abegaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Frietze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref3","author":"Ndugga","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa815","article-title":"The disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on racial and ethnic minorities in the United States","volume":"72","author":"Tai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref5","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref6","author":"Juell","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref7","author":"Salzbank","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref8","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7113","DOI":"10.5688\/ajpe7113","article-title":"Demystifying content analysis","volume":"84","author":"Kleinheksel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Pharm Educ"},{"key":"ref11","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref12","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"998","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2020.11.034","article-title":"A scoping review of the use of visual aids in health education materials for persons with low-literacy levels","volume":"104","author":"Mbanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"jphr-2020","DOI":"10.4081\/jphr.2020.1849","article-title":"Video-based health education to support insulin therapy in diabetes mellitus patients","volume":"9","author":"Ratri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Public Health Res"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2333393616630466","DOI":"10.1177\/2333393616630466","article-title":"Methodological aspects of focus groups in health research: results of qualitative interviews with focus group moderators","volume":"3","author":"Tausch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Global Qualitative Nurs Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1662987\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T14:43:10Z","timestamp":1765204990000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1662987\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"references-count":15,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1662987"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1662987","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]]},"article-number":"1662987"}}