{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T05:28:25Z","timestamp":1761802105641,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DP1DA058986"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP1DA058986"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>American Indian and Alaska Native (AI\/AN) peoples bear the highest U.S. burden of substance-use disorder (SUD) and drug-overdose mortality. Mechanistic evidence linking community-defined cultural protective factors to neurobehavioral pathways of SUD risk is virtually absent. Most AI\/AN health studies are descriptive and rarely integrate neuroscience.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Kipiyecipakiciipe (\u201ccoming home\u201d) project aims to (i) operationalize Shawnee-defined cultural engagement variables, (ii) test their associations with neurobehavioral markers of reward, decision-making, and self-regulation, and (iii) establish evidence base for tribally guided prevention and recovery strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Guided by community-based participatory research, the three-phase multi-method protocol combines qualitative inquiry, a Community Readiness Assessment (CRA), and multimodal neuroimaging.\n                      <jats:italic>Phase 1<\/jats:italic>\n                      included 22 Shawnee adults and employed\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3 focus-group discussions (including Nominal Group Technique) and\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 1 in-depth interview to generate an operational lexicon of cultural protective factors and to adapt a Community Needs Assessment (CNA).\n                      <jats:italic>Phase 2<\/jats:italic>\n                      enrolls 90 Shawnee adults in a simultaneous functional MRI\/electro-encephalography (fMRI\/EEG) battery comprising culturally tailored picture and audio paradigms, a Monetary Incentive Delay (MID) task, a three-arm bandit task, and the Horizon exploration task. Self-report scales assess cultural identity, mental health, substance use, impulsivity, and risk. Parallel CRA interviews (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12) quantify community readiness for SUD interventions across six dimensions.\n                      <jats:italic>Phase 3<\/jats:italic>\n                      will recruit Shawnee citizens with lived SUD experience to examine whether cultural, behavioral, and neural markers predict recovery-related outcomes (e.g., craving, self-efficacy).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>By integrating community insight with state-of-the-art neuroimaging under Tribal governance, this protocol addresses critical knowledge gaps in Indigenous SUD research, models CARE-aligned data stewardship and establishes a transferable framework for culturally grounded precision substance use prevention.<\/jats:p>\n                  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