{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T17:39:23Z","timestamp":1785346763318,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess attitudes toward organ procurement and transplantation, knowledge of legal regulations, and sources of information among medical students and students of other healthcare disciplines in Poland.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted among 3,006 students from four Polish medical universities. The study included 883 medical students (MD program) and 2,122 students of other healthcare-related programs. An original questionnaire was used to assess attitudes, legal knowledge, and sources of information. A transplantation support index, reflecting the overall level of pro-donation attitudes, was developed. Data were analyzed using descriptive and non-parametric statistical methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median Transplantation Support Index (TSI) was higher among medical students [24.00 (IQR: 21.00\u201325.00; mean \u00b1 SD: 23.41\u202f\u00b1\u202f3.02)] compared to students of other healthcare disciplines [22.00 (IQR: 20.00\u201324.00; mean \u00b1 SD: 21.87\u202f\u00b1\u202f3.45);\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt;\u202f0.001]. Most respondents supported organ transplantation from deceased donors (97%) and agreed to donate their own organs posthumously (91%). Only 49% of all students correctly identified the legal model of presumed consent in Poland\u201466% among medical students and 41% among others. The most common sources of knowledge were academic classes (63%) and the Internet (62%).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Students of medical universities in Poland generally support organ transplantation. However, significant gaps in legal knowledge exist, especially among students of other healthcare disciplines. These findings highlight the need to strengthen and standardize transplantation-related education in healthcare curricula to foster pro-donation attitudes and increase awareness of legal frameworks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1664859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T05:10:21Z","timestamp":1763097021000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Opinions and knowledge about organ donation and transplantation: a multicenter cross-sectional study among medical science students in Poland"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Paulina","family":"Mularczyk-Tomczewska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0141ukasz","family":"Czy\u017cewski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"\u0141o\u015b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Justyna","family":"Grudzi\u0105\u017c-S\u0119kowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janusz","family":"Wyzga\u0142","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Silczuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-021-00425-3","article-title":"Organ donation and transplantation: a multi-stakeholder call to action","volume":"17","author":"Vanholder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Rev Nephrol"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref3","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref4","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref5","volume-title":"Newsletter transplant 2023: International figures on donation and transplantation \u2013 Executive summary","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref6","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14104","article-title":"How Spain reached 40 deceased organ donors per million population","volume":"17","author":"Matesanz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2593","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15983","article-title":"COVID-19 in Spain: transplantation in the midst of the pandemic","volume":"20","author":"Dom\u00ednguez-Gil","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"ref9","volume-title":"Annual report 2024. Polish transplant coordination Centre","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2019.01.036","article-title":"Comparison of organ donation and transplantation rates between opt-out and opt-in systems","volume":"95","author":"Arshad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1280357","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1280357","article-title":"Editorial: insights in public health education and promotion: 2022","volume":"11","author":"Thakur","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1695","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.14296","article-title":"About the opt-out system, live transplantation, and information to the public on organ donation in Spain \u2026 Y ol\u00e9!","volume":"17","author":"Matesanz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"ref13","year":"2005"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"48","article-title":"Directive 2004\/23\/EC of the European Parliament and of the council of 31 March 2004 on setting standards of quality and safety for the donation, procurement, testing, processing, preservation, storage and distribution of human tissues and cells","year":"2004","journal-title":"Off J Eur Union"},{"key":"ref15","volume-title":"Organ, tissue and cell transplantation in legal and criminological terms: a comparative law study","author":"Guzik-Makaruk","year":"2010"},{"key":"ref16","article-title":"Act of 31 January 1959 on cemeteries and the burial of the deceased, Dz.U. 1959 nr 11 poz. 62, as amended","year":""},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-021-02736-2","article-title":"Attitude and knowledge of medical students about organ donation - training needs identified from a Canadian survey","volume":"21","author":"Robert","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20220307","article-title":"The willingness and attitudes of medical students regarding organ donation and transplantation: a cross-sectional study from Turkey","volume":"68","author":"Sengul","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj-2022-141781","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among medical students in Hong Kong: a cross-sectional study","volume":"99","author":"Chu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2023.0166","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude, and barriers toward deceased organ donation among health care professionals and medical students in southern Saudi Arabia: a cross-sectional study","volume":"21","author":"El Hennawy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1590\/1806-9282.20220695","article-title":"Perception of Brazilian medical students toward organ donation","volume":"68","author":"Batista","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Assoc Med Bras"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2022.05.034","article-title":"Knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward organ donation and transplantation among medical students in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia","volume":"54","author":"Woodman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref23","volume-title":"Attitudes towards organ transplantation. Research report","year":"2016"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.6002\/ect.2014.0228","article-title":"Attitudes of medical students from different countries about organ donation","author":"Sahin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Exp Clin Transplant"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2019.12.043","article-title":"Medical students' attitude toward organ donation in a single medical university","volume":"52","author":"Rydzewska-Roso\u0142owska","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"164","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes and proposals of medical students concerning transplantations in Greece","volume":"2","author":"Dardavessis","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Prev Med"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-025-07304-6","article-title":"Undergraduate medical, health science, and technical students' attitudes and knowledge on organ donation and transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Sinda","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2298","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2024.11.014","article-title":"Knowledge gaps and educational needs in organ transplantation: a study of Portuguese medical students","volume":"56","author":"Costa Silva","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-023-04695-2","article-title":"Impact of teaching, learning, and assessment of medical law: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Abbasi","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-022-03349-z","article-title":"Developing an innovative medical ethics and law curriculum: the value of case-based learning combined with field visits","volume":"22","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2025.105511","article-title":"Theological faculty students' attitudes toward organ and blood donation: knowledge gaps, religious concerns, and sociodemographic variables","volume":"260","author":"\u00d6cal","year":"2025","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1596640","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1596640","article-title":"Assessment of the relationship between organ donation attitudes and religious beliefs among postgraduate students","volume":"13","author":"Apak","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1531140","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1531140","article-title":"Attitudes of polish medical students toward organ donation","volume":"13","author":"Mikla","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13011","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2024.13011","article-title":"Ethical and legal aspects of organ donation and transplantation","volume":"37","author":"Ambagtsheer","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transpl Int"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mpsur.2023.06.010","article-title":"Ethical and legal issues associated with organ donation and transplantation","volume":"41","author":"Lewis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Surgery (Oxford)"},{"key":"ref36","year":"2012"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2019.12.033","article-title":"Organ donation related with attitude toward the law of presumed consent: Spanish university medical and nursing students study","volume":"52","author":"Mart\u00ednez-Alarc\u00f3n","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2006.08.140","article-title":"Current knowledge and attitudes about organ donation and transplantation among Chinese university students","volume":"38","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.5455\/pmb.20101216024338","article-title":"Determination of the attitudes of Ak\u015fehir health high school students concerning organ donation","volume":"10","author":"Vicdan","year":"2011","journal-title":"TAF Prev Med Bull"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4896","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.4896","article-title":"Study of knowledge, attitude, and practice of organ donation among medical students in a tertiary Care Centre in South India","volume":"11","author":"Darlington","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.12659\/aot.882648","article-title":"The effect of education on the attitude of medical students towards organ donation","volume":"17","author":"Radunz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Transplant"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1515\/bj-2016-0008","article-title":"Knowledge and attitude regarding organ donation among medical students","volume":"14","author":"Bharambe","year":"2016","journal-title":"BANTAO J"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2702.2006.01431.x","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes of medical, nursing, dentistry and health technician students towards organ donation: a pilot study","volume":"15","author":"Goz","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Nurs"},{"key":"ref44","year":"2009"},{"key":"ref45","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2018.03.128","article-title":"Opinions and attitudes of medical students about organ donation and transplantation","volume":"50","author":"Rydzewska","year":"2018","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1080\/13548506.2012.658818","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes of polish university students toward organ donation and transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Perenc","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychol Health Med"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5031","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10215031","article-title":"Knowledge and attitudes toward cornea donation among different social groups in Poland","volume":"10","author":"Szkodny","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1570","DOI":"10.1097\/TXD.0000000000001570","article-title":"A standardized education program on deceased organ- and tissue donation for premedical and medical students in Korea","volume":"10","author":"Jeon","year":"2024","journal-title":"Transplant Direct"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-015-0116-6","article-title":"Medical students\u2019 education on organ donation and its evaluation during six consecutive years","volume":"20","author":"Radunz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1186\/s40001-014-0036-3","article-title":"Online intervention study \u2013 willingness to donate organs among the employees of a German university","volume":"19","author":"Heuer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Med Res"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1664859\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T05:10:24Z","timestamp":1763097024000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1664859\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"references-count":51,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1664859"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1664859","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"article-number":"1664859"}}