{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T17:57:38Z","timestamp":1772819858345,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763337600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is essential for preventing sexually transmitted infections and HPV-related cancers in both men and women. Vaccinating boys directly protects them and contributes to herd immunity. It also indirectly protects their future partners. As parents\u2019 intentions strongly influence adolescents\u2019 HPV vaccination, this study aimed to investigate the factors that influence their vaccination intentions for sons. The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis and practical recommendations for improving parental acceptance of HPV vaccination.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A multi-stage, non-random, cross-sectional survey was conducted, targeting guardians of male junior high school students across various districts and counties in Chongqing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 3,481 valid responses were collected. Among the guardians, nearly 40% had never heard of HPV or the HPV vaccine. Overall, 71.3% of guardians expressed willingness to vaccinate their sons against HPV, while 28.7% were unwilling. Personal characteristics of the guardians, such as age and number of children, were associated with vaccination intention. Higher levels of knowledge about HPV were positively correlated with willingness to vaccinate, while vaccine hesitancy was associated with reduced acceptance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study suggests that guardians in Chongqing have a high willingness to vaccinate their sons against HPV, and vaccine knowledge is one of the influencing factors. However, concerns about vaccine safety and efficacy remain significant barriers to vaccine acceptance. Awareness of the HPV vaccine should be improved, especially in groups with limited knowledge, through targeted educational campaigns and advice from healthcare professionals to address vaccine hesitancy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1692814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T05:17:19Z","timestamp":1763356639000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["HPV vaccination intention among guardians of male junior high school students in Chongqing, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Xiaoqin","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ningpei","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ningyu","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binyue","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.3390\/v15071440","article-title":"Recent developments in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccinology","volume":"15","author":"Williamson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Viruses"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618-023-02192-3","article-title":"HPV-related diseases in male patients: an underestimated conundrum","volume":"47","author":"Garolla","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Investig"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7053","DOI":"10.2147\/idr.S387226","article-title":"Genital HPV prevalence, follow-up and persistence in males and HPV concordance between heterosexual couples in Wenzhou, China","volume":"15","author":"Hu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Infect Drug Resist"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2084","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(21)02178-4","article-title":"The effects of the National HPV Vaccination Programme in England, UK, on cervical Cancer and grade 3 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia incidence: a register-based observational study","volume":"398","author":"Falcaro","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0184492","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184492","article-title":"Lifestyle factors and oncogenic papillomavirus infection in a high-risk male population","volume":"12","author":"Lopez-Diez","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1345","DOI":"10.1016\/s2214-109x(23)00305-4","article-title":"Global and regional estimates of genital human papillomavirus prevalence among men: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"Bruni","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"300","article-title":"Use of 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: updated HPV vaccination recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices","volume":"64","author":"Petrosky","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0909537","article-title":"Efficacy of quadrivalent HPV vaccine against HPV infection and disease in males","volume":"364","author":"Giuliano","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2021.10701","article-title":"HPV vaccine for men: where to? (Review)","volume":"22","author":"Sp\u00eenu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Exp Ther Med"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"2020","volume-title":"WHO position paper. Geneva: World Health Organization","year":""},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381293","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2381293","article-title":"HPV vaccination intention among guardians of female secondary school students in Chongqing, China","volume":"20","author":"Bai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70686","DOI":"10.1002\/cam4.70686","article-title":"Prevalence of human papillomavirus and genotype distribution in Chinese men: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Cancer Med"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2477383","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2025.2477383","article-title":"HPV vaccination willingness among 3,081 secondary school parents in China's capital","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1000270","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000270","article-title":"A population-based evaluation of a publicly funded, school-based HPV vaccine program in British Columbia, Canada: parental factors associated with HPV vaccine receipt","volume":"7","author":"Ogilvie","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2015.04.037","article-title":"Measuring vaccine hesitancy: the development of a survey tool","volume":"33","author":"Larson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2381300","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2024.2381300","article-title":"Sociodemographic determinants of HPV vaccine awareness, uptake, and intention among parents of adolescents in France 2021-22","volume":"20","author":"Rivera","year":"2024","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1515\/ijamh-2023-0144","article-title":"Knowledge and beliefs of Greek parents towards HPV infection and vaccination\u2014are they willing to vaccinate their sons?","volume":"36","author":"Toska","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Adolesc Med Health"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"971707","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.971707","article-title":"Low awareness of HPV infection and willingness of HPV vaccination among Chinese male college students in the east of China","volume":"10","author":"Ran","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare13162010","article-title":"Exploring vulnerable, ethnic minority, and low socioeconomic children's knowledge, beliefs, and attitudes regarding HPV vaccination in Romania","volume":"13","author":"Achima\u0219-Cadariu","year":"2025","journal-title":"Healthcare"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e092705","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-092705","article-title":"Perceptions of human papillomavirus vaccination among adolescent boys and their parents in high-income countries: a scoping review protocol","volume":"15","author":"Choi","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1177\/1043659614526759","article-title":"Young Hispanic men and human papillomavirus vaccination choices","volume":"27","author":"Thomas","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Transcult Nurs"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-024-04933-5","article-title":"Trends in human papillomavirus infection and genotype distribution among males in Chongqing, China (2017-2022): an observational study","volume":"43","author":"Yi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.7416\/ai.2023.2575","article-title":"Urban-rural disparities in acceptance of human papillomavirus vaccination among women in Can Tho","volume":"35","author":"Tran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Vietnam"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"921236","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/921236","article-title":"Parental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours towards human papillomavirus vaccination for their children: a systematic review from 2001 to 2011","volume":"2012","author":"Trim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol Int"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8586459","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/8586459","article-title":"Knowledge and acceptability of human papillomavirus vaccination among women attending the gynaecological outpatient clinics of a university teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"2017","author":"Okunade","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Trop Med"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.21101\/cejph.a4287","article-title":"Human papillomavirus vaccine\u2014knowledge and attitudes among parents of children aged 10-14 years: a cross-sectional study, T\u00eergu Mure\u015f, Romania","volume":"24","author":"Void\u0103zan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cent Eur J Public Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0195801","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0195801","article-title":"Attitudes towards and knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) and the HPV vaccination in parents of teenage boys in the UK","volume":"13","author":"Sherman","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0135563","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135563","article-title":"Knowledge on HPV vaccine and cervical Cancer facilitates vaccine acceptability among school teachers in Kitui County, Kenya","volume":"10","author":"Masika","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref29","first-page":"340","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes, and acceptability of a human papilloma virus vaccine among students, parents and teachers in Thailand","volume":"43","author":"Songthap","year":"2012","journal-title":"Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15040645","article-title":"Factors that predict parental willingness to have their children vaccinated against HPV in a country with low HPV vaccination coverage","volume":"15","author":"Ganczak","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1186\/s13027-021-00399-8","article-title":"Knowledge and acceptance of HPV vaccination and its associated factors among parents of daughters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: a community-based cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Dereje","year":"2021","journal-title":"Infect Agent Cancer"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-024-03377-5","article-title":"Global parental acceptance, attitudes, and knowledge regarding human papillomavirus vaccinations for their children: a systematic literature review and Meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Heyde","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1615","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2018.1564436","article-title":"HPV vaccination in a context of public mistrust and uncertainty: a systematic literature review of determinants of HPV vaccine hesitancy in Europe","volume":"15","author":"Karafillakis","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Vaccin Immunother"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pvr.2016.10.001","article-title":"Factors affecting HPV vaccine acceptance in West Austria: do we need to revise the current immunization scheme?","volume":"2","author":"Borena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Papillomavirus Res"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1097\/mop.0000000000001441","article-title":"HPV vaccine hesitancy in the United States","volume":"37","author":"Joshi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2368","DOI":"10.1111\/jan.16653","article-title":"HPV vaccine hesitancy and uptake: a conceptual analysis using Rodgers' evolutionary approach","volume":"81","author":"Kyei","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Adv Nurs"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100020","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvacx.2019.100020","article-title":"Sense & sensibility: decision-making and sources of information in mothers who decline HPV vaccination of their adolescent daughters","volume":"2","author":"Baumann","year":"2019","journal-title":"Vaccine X"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines12020127","article-title":"Vaccine hesitancy among European parents-psychological and social factors influencing the decision to vaccinate against HPV: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Achima\u0219-Cadariu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Vaccines"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaceta.2017.05.008","article-title":"Drivers for human papillomavirus vaccination in Valencia (Spain)","volume":"32","author":"Navarro-Illana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gac Sanit"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1692814\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T05:17:21Z","timestamp":1763356641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1692814\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1692814"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1692814","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]]},"article-number":"1692814"}}