{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T21:18:43Z","timestamp":1779916723227,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770076800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effective tools are needed to communicate the biopsychosocial model of health in the workplace, emphasizing the interaction between mind, body, and environment. A 24-h heart rate variability (HRV) spectrogram, combined with a diary, was used to provide individualized feedback on these interactions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>One hundred managers from a manufacturing and engineering company in southern Germany were randomized into either an intervention group (IG) or a control group (CG). The IG underwent a 24-h ECG measurement, documented daily events, and completed questionnaires. These data informed a 50-min consultation that focused on the connection among emotions, thoughts, recorded situations, and HRV. Questionnaires were repeated after 3 months. Changes in the primary outcome\u2014awareness of biopsychosocial interactions\u2014were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Data from 81 participants were included in the final analysis. Participants (94% men, mean \u00b1 SD age 48\u202f\u00b1\u202f8.6\u202fyears) in the IG reported significantly greater awareness of mind\u2013body interactions (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.032,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.057) and were more likely to respond to their body\u2019s needs (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.008,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.085). Perceived stress was significantly reduced only in the IG (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.017,\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.071).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This approach, which integrates HRV visualization with diary-based reflection, proved to be a feasible and effective method for enhancing awareness of biopsychosocial processes, supporting self-regulation, promoting behavioral change, and reducing perceived stress in occupational settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1707373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T06:30:28Z","timestamp":1770100228000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["HRV-based workplace consultation for managers: a randomized controlled trial on enhancing biopsychosocial awareness and reducing perceived stress"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Elisabeth M.","family":"Balint","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), University of Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]},{"name":"Center for Mental Health, Privatklinik Meiringen, University of Bern","place":["Bern, Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christin","family":"Braun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"M\u00fcmken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska","family":"Kessemeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), University of Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology and Psychotherapy, Witten\/Herdecke University","place":["Witten, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Buckley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney","place":["Camperdown, NSW, Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Urban","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Bosch GmbH","place":["Gerlingen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falko","family":"Papenfuss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Robert Bosch GmbH","place":["Gerlingen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald O.","family":"Guendel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leadership Personality Center Ulm (LPCU), University of Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]},{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc N.","family":"Jarczok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Ulm","place":["Ulm, Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1126\/science.847460","article-title":"The need for a new medical model: a challenge for biomedicine","volume":"196","author":"Engel","year":"1977","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.2190\/01DY-UD40-10M3-CKY4","article-title":"A biopsychosocial approach to work life issues","volume":"19","author":"Frankenhaeuser","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. 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