{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T02:35:39Z","timestamp":1768444539789,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the three-year prevalence and longitudinal trajectories of insomnia symptoms among bus drivers and examined key sociodemographic-health-related factors and psychosocial predictors, with the aim of informing targeted preventive strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 11,576 bus drivers from 22 companies in Guangdong participated in three online surveys at T1 (August\u2013December 2019), T2 (October\u2013December 2021), and T3 (October\u2013December 2023). The surveys assessed demographics, insomnia symptoms, and psychosocial factors. Two-stage multivariate logistic regression models were employed to examine risk factors associated with adverse trajectories.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prevalence of insomnia symptoms declined steadily from 12.5% at T1 to 7.8% at T3. Five distinct trajectories were identified: resistance (78.5%), chronic dysfunction (1.9%), delayed dysfunction (4.7%), recovery (9.4%), and relapsing\/remitting (5.5%). Sociodemographic and psychosocial distress factors (e.g., age, lower financial status, job burnout, family dysfunction) significantly increased the risk of general insomnia and adverse trajectory membership. Crucially, a history of severe physical illness was a strong determinant of chronic risk, while exercising for 30\u202fmin daily was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of recovery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study offers insights into the longitudinal trajectories of insomnia symptoms and their associated risk factors among Chinese bus drivers. These findings carry important implications for designing trajectory-specific occupational health interventions and refining public transportation management strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1713768","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T15:41:22Z","timestamp":1768405282000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal trajectories and risk factors of insomnia symptoms among Chinese bus drivers"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jingbo","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]},{"name":"Mental Health Education and Counseling Center, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huatao","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiling","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijie","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zicong","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guoxi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University","place":["Guangzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.14-0970","article-title":"International classification of sleep disorders","volume":"146","author":"Sateia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.4236\/odem.2024.121001","article-title":"Sleep disorders among professional oil tanker drivers in Ouagadougou Burkina Faso","volume":"12","author":"Ou\u00e9draogo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Occup Dis Environ Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S307904","article-title":"Factors associated with insomnia among truck drivers in Japan","volume":"13","author":"Miyachi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Sci Sleep"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jth.2021.101237","article-title":"Sleep behavior of new York City taxi drivers compared to the general us population","volume":"22","author":"Mujawar","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Transp Health"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s12070-011-0235-5","article-title":"Urban bus drivers\u2019 sleep problems and crash accidents","volume":"63","author":"Razmpa","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/24.2.201","article-title":"The contributing role of sleepiness in highway vehicle accidents","volume":"24","author":"Garbarino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105319842927","article-title":"Tired and lack focus? 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