{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T05:21:27Z","timestamp":1763529687342,"version":"3.45.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the scientific rationale, implementation realities, and policy significance of China\u2019s new Compulsory Education Physical Education and Health Curriculum Standard specifying an average in-class heart rate (HR) of 140\u2013160\u202fbpm.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Narrative policy and literature analysis using official Ministry of Education documents, international guidelines, and empirical studies on youth HR and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The 140\u2013160\u202fbpm range equals roughly 65%\u201380% of age-predicted HRmax, aligning with international MVPA definitions. Early school-based evidence shows uneven attainment due to equipment, training, and interpretive gaps.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The standard translates exercise science into educational governance but requires strengthened teacher preparation, digital infrastructure, and equitable funding to achieve sustainable, health-oriented reform.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1720764","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T05:18:26Z","timestamp":1763529506000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Scientific rationale and practical realities of the 140\u2013160\u202fbpm national standard in Chinese school physical education for primary and middle school students"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Ziquan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunping","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunxiang","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3133","DOI":"10.3390\/su14053133","article-title":"Health first: the sustainable development of physical education in Chinese schools","volume":"14","author":"An","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.16469\/j.css.202205001","article-title":"Interpretation of National Physical Education and health curriculum standards for compulsory education (2022 edition) in China","volume":"42","author":"Ji","year":"2022","journal-title":"Chin Sports Sci"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101640","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lanwpc.2025.101640","article-title":"Imbalance between muscle strength development and weight gain in children and young adults in China: serial cross-sectional evidence from 1.33 million students from five successive national surveys between 2000 and 2019","volume":"61","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Reg Health West Pac"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.16099\/j.sus.2021.01.009","article-title":"The intensity correlation of school physical education health pursuit based on reflection of physical education curriculum teaching on specific exercise intensity","volume":"45","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Shanghai Univ Sport"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.12064\/ssr.2023052401","article-title":"140-160 heart beats per minute? 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