{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T19:30:03Z","timestamp":1774380603006,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Breast milk serves as the primary source of nutrition for infants, playing a crucial role in enhancing their immunity against viruses and bacteria. Insufficient breast milk may lead to impaired growth in babies. The resent study aims to explore mothers' perceptions and challenges associated with breast milk insufficiency in Haripur District, Pakistan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In this qualitative investigation, 60 mothers from diverse hospitals in the Haripur district were interviewed via a semi - structured interview protocol. The responses were documented through audio recording and note - taking. Thematic analysis was employed to examine the interview data with the utilization of N-Vivo 11.0 software.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Mother's perception regarding breastmilk insufficiency revealed three primary themes: Factors Influencing Breastfeeding Practices, Breastfeeding Outcomes and Challenges, and Breastfeeding Advice and Support. Multiple factors, such as cesarean section, health issues, skin - to - skin contact, insufficient support, and knowledge deficiency, were recognized as influencing breastfeeding practices and outcomes. A significant number of mothers reported encountering challenges in exclusive breastfeeding and initiating breast milk production. Respondents had diverse experiences regarding family support, with the majority of families being supportive while some were not. The majority of respondents expressed satisfaction with hospital services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides valuable insights into multiple factors that must be considered to prevent breast milk insufficiency. These factors include delayed onset of breastfeeding, a lack of breastfeeding knowledge, inadequate family support, health conditions, and delivery modes such as cesarean section. When formulating strategies, policymakers should take these challenges into consideration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1742704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T16:11:09Z","timestamp":1774368669000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Mother's perception regarding insufficiency of breast-milk: a qualitative investigation in Haripur, Pakistan"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ijaz ul","family":"Haq","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases","place":["Xiamen, Fujian, China"]},{"name":"Nursing Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University","place":["Shanghai, China"]},{"name":"Department of Public Health & Nutrition, The University of Haripur","place":["Haripur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan"]},{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, 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