{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T17:41:21Z","timestamp":1773337281954,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773273600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lower extremity varicose veins (LEVV) are common chronic venous disorders. Adherence to perioperative self-care plays a vital role in managing postoperative pain and enhancing long-term quality of life (QoL). Traditional health education models often struggle with issues such as incomplete information and high cognitive load.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study utilized a single-blind, randomized controlled trial design. LEVV patients were randomly assigned to either an intervention group [checklist-enhanced multimedia interactive education (CE-MIE),\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f96] or a control group [multimedia interactive education (MIE),\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f97]. Both groups received standard perioperative care and multimedia educational resources. The intervention group also used a structured checklist for a comprehensive, bidirectional verification of educational content (including ankle pump exercises, limb elevation and discharge instructions) and key skills, with patients required to score &amp;gt;80 points on elastic stocking wearing skills. Primary outcomes included QoL scores, pain levels, and complication rates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The CE-MIE group showed significantly better QoL scores at 1\u202fmonth postoperatively compared to the MIE group (32.74\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.72 vs. 35.49\u202f\u00b1\u202f4.01,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Additionally, the CE-MIE group reported lower pain scores on the 3rd and 7th postoperative days. However, there were no significant differences in QoL scores between the two groups at the 1-year follow-up, and long-term pain assessment at 1\u202fyear was not included in the study design as the primary focus was on acute recovery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CE-MIE is an effective short-term intervention for improving QoL and pain management in LEVV patients. To address the challenge of long-term decay in intervention effectiveness, future studies should explore ways to extend the \u201cin-hospital standardization\u201d model to promote \u201cout-of-hospital sustainability.\u201d<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1753287","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:50:10Z","timestamp":1773298210000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of structured checklist-assisted multimedia interactive education on postoperative pain management and quality of life in patients with lower extremity varicose veins: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Ren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukui","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huanrui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-018-00874-8","article-title":"The seriousness of chronic venous disease: a review of 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