{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T16:14:11Z","timestamp":1771258451676,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Extending the concept of work-life balance and recognising that many people\u2019s lives cannot easily be divided into work and non-work life, Occupational Balance enables the exploration of a person\u2019s satisfaction with the balance and variance of occupations in daily life at most contemporary levels.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To effectively measure Occupational Balance in the German-speaking population, this study developed a German version of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ11-G) by conducting a cross-sectional study involving translation, cultural adaptation and content validity evaluation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A preliminary German version of the OBQ11 was developed based on Beaton\u2019s guideline and then finalised after an online focus group (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f7 occupational therapists; 5 women [71%]) to reach consensus on the relevance, comprehensibility and overall comprehensiveness of the items. We applied the framework method to analyse the focus group\u2019s qualitative data and descriptive statistics to report the quantitative data.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Overall, the experts rated all questionnaire items as \u201crelevant\u201d to \u201cvery relevant\u201d, but eight of the eleven items were slightly adapted to improve comprehensibility, due to inconsistencies in terminology. Experts did not agree on whether the questionnaire fully covered the concept of Occupational Balance, with 57% of respondents agreeing and 43% disagreeing, suggesting that additional assessments should be applied when measuring Occupational Balance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The German version of the OBQ11 has now been thoroughly translated, and further studies on its psychometric properties are needed to enhance its validity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1753366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T15:19:07Z","timestamp":1771255147000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Translation, cultural adaption and content validity evaluation of the Occupational Balance Questionnaire into German\u2014a cross-sectional study in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Dorfer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Ritschl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patric","family":"Duletzki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Recura Akademie f\u00fcr Sozial- und Gesundheitsberufe","place":["Potsdam, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Radek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Independent Practitioner","place":["Uelzen, Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carita","family":"H\u00e5kansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University","place":["Lund, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Wagman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Welfare, J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping University","place":["J\u00f6nk\u00f6ping, Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Margaret Renn","family":"Andrews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Mosor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tanja Alexandra","family":"Stamm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Outcomes Research, Centre for Medical Data Science, Medical University of Vienna","place":["Vienna, Austria"]},{"name":"Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Arthritis and Rehabilitation","place":["Vienna, Austria"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","author":"Townsend","year":"2007"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.5014\/ajot.2010.005165","article-title":"Special issue on productive aging: evidence and opportunities for occupational therapy practitioners","volume":"66","author":"Leland","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Occup Ther"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e508","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(18)30217-2","article-title":"Public health and the workplace: a new era dawns","volume":"3","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1177\/000841740407100404","article-title":"Occupational balance: exploring the relationships among daily occupations and their influence on well-being","volume":"71","author":"Backman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Can J Occup Ther"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1111\/1748-8583.12215","article-title":"All of work? 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