{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T06:09:23Z","timestamp":1775628563563,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV self-testing has been promoted globally as an effective complement to facility-based testing, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). However, evidence on HIV self-testing uptake and its determinants in western China remains limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess the prevalence of HIV self-testing and identify associated factors among MSM in Chongqing, China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2021 to March 2022 among MSM recruited using a snowball sampling strategy at CDC-based voluntary counseling and testing clinics in Chongqing. Participants completed an anonymous face-to-face questionnaire covering socio-demographic characteristics, HIV-related knowledge, sexual behaviors in the past 6 months, substance use, and HIV self-testing history. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with HIV self-testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 2,315 MSM were included. Overall, 16.2% (374\/2,315) reported ever using HIV self-testing kits, with blood-based tests accounting for 97.6% of use. Higher educational attainment (high school\/vocational school:\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 2.56; college or above:\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3.60), having two or more sexual partners in the past 6 months (\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 11.85), and use of sexual stimulants (\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 3.49) were positively associated with HIV self-testing. Being married or cohabiting was negatively associated with HIV self-testing (\n                      <jats:italic>OR<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.30).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV self-testing uptake among MSM in Chongqing remains low. Education level, marital status, sexual behavior, and stimulant use were key correlates. These findings underscore the need to integrate HIV self-testing into existing HIV prevention services, with targeted strategies for MSM with lower educational attainment and those in stable partnerships.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1774567","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T05:32:20Z","timestamp":1775626340000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of HIV self-testing and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Chongqing, China: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Tianyu","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine)","place":["Chongqing, 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