{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T11:17:07Z","timestamp":1792495027702,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":160,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to explore the relationship between residential context and health-related outcomes. It seeks to analyze the differences in sociodemographic profiles, health status, psychosocial well-being, and cognitive performance between individuals living in self-managed senior collaborative housing (senior cohousing) and those in conventional single-family housing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using a cross-sectional comparative design, 171 older people (83 in cohousing, 88 in single-family homes) were assessed using a multidimensional battery that included sociodemographic data, objective and subjective health, functional capacity, psychosocial well-being, and cognitive functioning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings revealed significant differences between the two groups. Cohousing residents have a significantly higher socioeconomic status. Although the cohousing group reported more chronic diseases, they showed healthier lifestyles (greater physical activity and lower alcohol consumption) and better performance in verbal episodic memory and semantic fluency. At the psychosocial level, cohousing stood out for greater perceived social support, a positive attitude toward aging, and social engagement. A critical finding is that, after adjusting for educational level, occupation, and income, the lifestyle advantage was no longer significant. However, cohousing remained independently associated with less social loneliness and greater social support.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cohousing transforms the relational environment into an \u2018ecosystem of active reciprocity\u2019. By promoting social connection and self-management, this model improves independence and overall well-being compared to traditional housing models. The results suggest that the main benefit of cohousing lies in its value as a social determinant of relational health, acting independently of the individual\u2019s previous socioeconomic status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1778370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T05:39:47Z","timestamp":1777527587000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The \u2018active reciprocity\u2019 ecosystem: senior cohousing as a determinant of social support and cognitive vitality independent of socioeconomic status"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mar\u00eda Luisa","family":"Delgado-Losada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Aging, Disability, and Society","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatriz","family":"Sequeira-Villatoro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Aging, Disability, and Society","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celia","family":"Alcaide-Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Aging, Disability, and Society","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Bouhaben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Aging, Disability, and Society","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Delgado-Ramos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group on Aging, Disability, and Society","place":["Madrid, Spain"]},{"name":"Experimental Psychology, Cognitive Processes and Speech Therapy Department, Faculty of Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Demographic Statistics","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"2024","volume-title":"World Population Prospects","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1186\/s40410-024-00242-8","article-title":"Innovative housing models to support shared use of space: the case study of Sonnwendviertel Ost in Vienna","volume":"11","author":"Babos","year":"2024","journal-title":"City Territ Archit"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-34999-7_7","volume-title":"Reconsidering the Limits to Growth: A Report to the Russian Association of the club of Rome","author":"Grinin","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26892618.2024.2400671","article-title":"Age-friendly communities, housing tenure, and affordability: implications for older adult health","author":"Traver","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Aging Environ"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnab115","article-title":"Contextualizing innovative housing models and services within the age-friendly communities framework","volume":"62","author":"Atiya","year":"2022","journal-title":"The Gerontologist"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.3390\/su10030722","article-title":"Assessment and improvement strategies for healthy elderly housing: improving quality of life","volume":"10","author":"Feng","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.11648\/j.hss.20180605.12","article-title":"Challenges of the aging policies in Spain","volume":"6","author":"Sitges Macia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hum Soc Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/016502548901200102","article-title":"Beyond Ponce de Leon and life satisfaction: new directions in quest of successful aging","volume":"12","author":"Ryff","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Behav Dev"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.57.6.1069","article-title":"Happiness is everything, or is it? 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