{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T06:47:23Z","timestamp":1782283643005,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyze the coexistence of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia in patients with cancer comorbid.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Using convenience sampling, 476 patients with cancer comorbidities were recruited from two Grade III Class A hospitals in the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region between January 2025 and December 2025. Data were collected using a general information questionnaire, the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), the FRAIL frailty scale, and the SARC-Calf sarcopenia screening scale. Univariate analysis and multivariate modified Poisson regression analysis were performed to identify influencing factors, and Venn diagrams were used to illustrate the overlap among the three conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The prevalence rates of malnutrition and sarcopenia were 31.3 and 65.7%, respectively. According to the FRAIL scale, 115 patients (24.2%) had no frailty, 245 (51.5%) were classified as pre-frailty, and 116 (24.4%) met the criteria for established frailty. A total of 122 patients (25.6%) presented with all three conditions simultaneously. The Venn diagram showed that frailty and sarcopenia had the highest coexistence rate (55.2%). Multivariable modified Poisson regression analysis revealed that older age (31\u201360\u202fyears and &amp;gt;60\u202fyears vs. 18\u201330\u202fyears), advanced tumor stage (Stage II\u2013III and Stage IV vs. Stage I), and rural residence (rural vs. urban) were harmful predictors (PR\u202f&amp;gt;\u202f1,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) of the coexistence of the three conditions, whereas higher socioeconomic support (PR\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f1, p\u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.05) was a protective predictor.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The coexistence of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia is common among patients with cancer comorbidities and is significantly associated with age, tumor stage, and socioeconomic factors. Implications for nursing practice: Primary care facilities should routinely monitor nutritional status, frailty, and sarcopenia in older adults (aged \u2265 65 years) with cancer and comorbidities, while also establishing a tiered intervention system and a referral mechanism to higher-level hospitals when necessary.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1820491","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:55:57Z","timestamp":1782280557000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Current status of malnutrition, frailty, and sarcopenia risks in cancer patients with comorbidities"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lixue","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoshan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronghuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xirui","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Ningxia Medical University","place":["Yinchuan, Ningxia, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1096","DOI":"10.1007\/s11764-016-0553-4","article-title":"Chronic condition clusters and functional impairment in older cancer survivors: a population-based study","volume":"10","author":"Kenzik","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Cancer Surviv"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2269","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.162.20.2269","article-title":"Prevalence, expenditures, and complications of multiple chronic conditions in the older adults","volume":"162","author":"Wolff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"828","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33981","article-title":"Chronic comorbid conditions among adult cancer survivors in the United States: results from the National Health Interview Survey, 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