{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T06:24:19Z","timestamp":1786947859262,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Promoting healthier eating behaviors is an important strategy for addressing the global burden of lifestyle-associated diseases. With the increasing prevalence of solo dining, individuals often develop rapid and inattentive eating habits, which may contribute to poor digestion, overeating, and unhealthy dietary patterns.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To explore how improving solo dining behaviors can be embedded in everyday dining artifacts, we developed SensEat, a modular embodied tableware system that coordinates visual, auditory, and haptic micro-feedback during solo dining.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An exploratory fixed-sequence within-subject study involving 20 participants was performed to compare the SensEat-guided intervention (SGI) with an app-guided intervention (AGI). Because all participants completed AGI prior to SGI, the condition and order effects could not be separated. Behavioral outcomes (meal duration and chews per bite), self-reported experience (five IMI-informed single-item ratings), and perceived task workload (three selected NASA-TLX ratings) were assessed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Relative to the AGI session, the SGI session was associated with longer meal duration and more chews per bite (both P\n                      <jats:sub>Holm<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), higher Interest\/Enjoyment (P\n                      <jats:sub>Holm<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.016) and Value\/Usefulness (P\n                      <jats:sub>Holm<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.002), and higher Mental Demand (P\n                      <jats:sub>Holm<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.013). Differences in Perceived Competence, Effort\/Importance, Pressure\/Tension, Performance, and Frustration were not statistically significant after Holm correction.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These exploratory findings support the feasibility of embedding multimodal eating-pace guidance into everyday tableware. Within the fixed AGI\u202f\u2192\u202fSGI sequence, the SensEat session is associated with behavioral patterns such as slower eating, higher Interest\/Enjoyment and Value\/Usefulness, and higher Mental Demand, which highlights the promise and attentional cost of artifact-embedded guidance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1830317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T05:26:08Z","timestamp":1786944368000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A multimodal tableware system for supporting mindful eating in solo dining: a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and Arts, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and Arts, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhihui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and Arts, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinglong","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and Arts, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Design and Arts, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, 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