{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T06:05:37Z","timestamp":1784786737927,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784764800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The digital transformation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) processing techniques currently faces a critical industry bottleneck: the lack of rights protection for source knowledge contributors, which results in an insufficient supply of high-quality data. Applying principles from information economics and algorithmic theory, this study analyzes risk mechanisms where physical control fails during technical externalization and institutional safeguards are undermined by algorithmic \u201cblack box\u201d complexity. To address these vulnerabilities, a full-cycle safeguarding system was established through a synergy of institutional and technological measures. This analysis suggests that institutional data intellectual property registration may clarify ownership and facilitate benefit-sharing, while technological implementations - specifically transformation-domain digital watermarking and model backdoor detection - offer a promising pathway toward robust data traceability. This integrated strategy has the potential to address the challenges of safeguarding contributor rights and could activate the endogenous motivation for data supply. Consequently, this framework may provide a foundation for fostering new productive forces and supporting the sustainable, high-quality development of the intelligent TCM manufacturing industry.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1832910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]],"date-time":"2026-07-23T05:37:56Z","timestamp":1784785076000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strategies for the source protection of data assets on processing techniques for intelligent manufacturing in traditional Chinese medicine"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Siyue","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhongnan University of Economics and Law Center for Studies of Intellectual Property Rights","place":["Wuhan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinlian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine","place":["Nanchang, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"106","article-title":"Policy interpretation of the \u201cseveral opinions on promoting the development of digital traditional Chinese medicine\u201d","volume":"32","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin J Health Qual Manag"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Personal Knowledge: Towards a Post-Critical Philosophy","author":"Polanyi","year":"2000"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1007\/s12008-023-01448-9","article-title":"The application of machine learning and artificial intelligence technology in the production quality management of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces","volume":"18","author":"Gao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Interact Des Manuf"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/s10462-026-11513-w","article-title":"Artificial intelligence in traditional Chinese medicine herbs: a survey","volume":"59","author":"Wu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Artif Intell Rev"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"807807","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2022.807807","article-title":"Mercury and mercury-containing preparations: history of use, clinical applications, pharmacology, toxicology, and pharmacokinetics in traditional Chinese medicine","volume":"13","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.13424\/j.cnki.jsctcm.2000.05.039","article-title":"Experimental study on the preparation of Bai Jiang Dan by the ascending method","volume":"5","author":"Song","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Shaanxi Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"36","article-title":"An introduction to the traditional method of preparing Bai Jiang Dan","volume":"1","author":"Zhou","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.19540\/j.cnki.cjcmm.20241219.302","article-title":"A study on the preparation process and patterns of substance changes in Bai Jiang Dan","volume":"50","author":"Yang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Chin J Tradit Chin Med."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3555561","article-title":"The data-production Dispositif","volume":"6","author":"Miceli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc ACM Hum-Comput Interact"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13020-025-01194-y","article-title":"Advancing the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine through artificial intelligence and multimodal data integration","volume":"21","author":"Guo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Chin Med"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Research Handbook on Intellectual Property and Artificial Intelligence","author":"Deltorn","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/17579961.2023.2265270","article-title":"Data as an economic good, data as a commons, and data governance","volume":"16","author":"van Maanen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Law Innov Technol"},{"key":"ref13","volume-title":"A Critical Mind. 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