{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T02:49:26Z","timestamp":1794278966257,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779148800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Work-related musculoskeletal disorders are highly prevalent among healthcare professionals and contribute to disability, reduced productivity and compromised patient care delivery. The Extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire is a comprehensive tool used for gathering data on musculoskeletal symptoms and their impact, however its measurement properties have not been validated in Singapore. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire in measuring musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among healthcare professionals in two community hospitals in Singapore.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 251 nurses and therapists working in two community hospitals were recruited in a cross-sectional study conducted between March 2024 and August 2024, following the Consensus-based Standards for selection of Health Measurement Instruments framework (COSMIN). Face validity was assessed through cognitive debriefing interviews (CDIs). Construct validity was assessed by testing 5\n                      <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic>\n                      hypotheses with the EQ-5D-5L instrument, using Spearman\u2019s correlation coefficients. Test\u2013retest reliability was evaluated using kappa, observed proportion of agreement and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), while the internal consistency was determined using Cronbach\u2019s alpha.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 251 participants (mean age: 34.7, 83.6% females, 7.31\u202fyears of working experience), the NMQ-E demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s alpha above 0.81), and excellent test\u2013retest reliability [ICC\u202f=\u202f0.987 (95% CI 0.974\u20130.994)] with moderate to almost perfect reliability (kappa\u202f=\u202f0.64\u20130.95). All\n                      <jats:italic>a priori<\/jats:italic>\n                      were confirmed in convergent validity assessment. Item response rates exceeded 97%, indicating good feasibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The NMQ-E is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing work-related musculoskeletal symptoms among healthcare professionals in community hospitals within Singapore. Its application may greatly support epidemiological surveillance and inform occupational health interventions in Singapore\u2019s healthcare setting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1840201","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T05:43:18Z","timestamp":1779169398000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Validation of the extended Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire among healthcare professionals in Singapore"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Pamela E-Wei","family":"Gopal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Post-Acute and Continuing Care, SingHealth Community Hospitals","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"SingHealth Duke-NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Program","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwendoline Wan Hua","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Post-Acute and Continuing Care, SingHealth Community Hospitals","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"SingHealth Duke-NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Program","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu Heng","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Program in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"SingHealth Duke-NUS Medicine Academic Clinical Program","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie Kie","family":"Phang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Population Health Research and Implementation, SingHealth Office of Regional Health","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian Leng","family":"Low","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SingHealth Duke-NUS Family Medicine Academic Clinical Program","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"Research and Translation Innovation Office, SingHealth Community Hospitals","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]},{"name":"Division of Population Health and Integrated Care, Singapore General Hospital","place":["Singapore, Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqi081","article-title":"Ergonomics and musculoskeletal disorders: overview","volume":"55","author":"Buckle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Occup 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