{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:14:51Z","timestamp":1788268491277,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the China Institute of Sport Science","award":["2512"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2512"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n Overweight and obesity have become increasingly prevalent among female university students, whereas conventional exercise interventions are often limited by poor adherence and time constraints. Exercise snacks (ES) may offer a flexible and time-efficient alternative; however, their effectiveness in this population remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n We compared the effects of 8\u202fweeks of ES (75\u202fmin\/week) and HIIT on body composition, cardiometabolic health, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lower-body explosive power in overweight and obese females in a real-world setting.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Thirty overweight and obese female university students were randomized to either the ES group or the high-intensity interval training (HIIT) group in an 8-week randomized controlled trial. Both groups completed 75\u202fmin of bodyweight exercise per week. Pre- and post-intervention assessments included body composition, cardiometabolic health, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lower-body explosive power. A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze training effects, with Bonferroni\n post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n tests. Effect sizes were reported as partial eta squared (\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ) or Cohen\u2019s d, with significance set at\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.05.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Compared with the HIIT group, the ES group showed significantly lower RPE throughout the intervention period (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.05). Significant time effects were observed for body weight (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.59), BMI (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n 0.60), body fat percentage (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.46), standing long jump performance (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.43), V\u0307O\n 2max<\/jats:sub>\n (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.47), SBP (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f&lt;\u202f0.001,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.54), TC (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.004,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.26), and LDL-C (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.002,\n \n \n \n \u03b7<\/mml:mi>\n p<\/mml:mi>\n 2<\/mml:mn>\n <\/mml:msubsup>\n <\/mml:math>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n = 0.30). A significant time \u00d7 group interaction was observed for DBP (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.02, \u03b7p\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u202f=\u202f0.19), with a significant reduction in the HIIT group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.002, d\u202f=\u202f0.86) but not in the ES group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.86, d\u202f=\u202f\u22120.04). No significant time effects were observed for TG (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.96) or HDL-C (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u202f=\u202f0.10). Weekly mean RPE was significantly lower in the ES group than in the HIIT group throughout the intervention period.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n In conclusion, in a real-world remote setting, 75\u202fmin\/week of bodyweight-based ES may be a promising strategy that warrants confirmation in adequately powered randomized controlled trials.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1846870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T06:03:58Z","timestamp":1784095438000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of 75\u202fmin of weekly exercise snacks on body composition, cardiometabolic health, cardiorespiratory fitness, and lower-body explosive power in overweight and obese female university students"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Naijing","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Journal Editorial Department, China Institute of Sport Science","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physical Education and Health Science, Chongqing Normal University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziren","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physical Education and Health Science, Chongqing Normal University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangyuan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physical Education and Health Science, Chongqing Normal University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangyuting","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Coaching College, Beijing Sport University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaixiang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Physical Education and Health Science, Chongqing Normal University","place":["Chongqing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)02750-2","article-title":"Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults","volume":"403","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7425","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph110707425","article-title":"Prevalence of overweight\/obesity and its associated factors among university students from 22 countries","volume":"11","author":"Peltzer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06785.x","article-title":"Physical activity in obesity and metabolic syndrome","volume":"1281","author":"Strasser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0265913","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0265913","article-title":"Barriers to high school and university students' physical activity: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Ferreira Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph22111646","article-title":"Motives and barriers to physical activity participation among university students","volume":"22","author":"Elmahgoub","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s12966-023-01535-w","article-title":"Rates of compliance and adherence to high-intensity interval training: a systematic review and Meta-analyses","volume":"20","author":"Santos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"U1996","article-title":"Do snacks of exercise lower blood pressure? A randomised crossover trial","volume":"119","author":"Elley","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.2002.001131","article-title":"Training effects of short bouts of stair climbing on cardiorespiratory fitness, blood lipids, and homocysteine in sedentary young women","volume":"39","author":"Boreham","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101088","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jshs.2025.101088","article-title":"Short bouts of accumulated exercise: review and consensus statement on definition, efficacy, feasibility, practical applications, and future directions","volume":"15","author":"Yin","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.EJ24-0377","article-title":"Effects of breaking up prolonged sitting via exercise snacks intervention on the body composition and plasma metabolomics of sedentary obese adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"72","author":"Zhou","year":"2025","journal-title":"Endocr J"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000002431","article-title":"Metabolic effect of breaking up prolonged sitting with stair climbing exercise snacks","volume":"53","author":"Rafiei","year":"2021","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2018-0675","article-title":"Do stair climbing exercise \u201csnacks\u201d improve cardiorespiratory fitness?","volume":"44","author":"Jenkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-019-04110-z","article-title":"Sprint exercise snacks: a novel approach to increase aerobic fitness","volume":"119","author":"Little","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7516939","article-title":"Exercise snacking to improve muscle function in healthy older adults: a pilot study","volume":"2019","author":"Perkin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Aging Res"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03207-z","article-title":"Feasibility and acceptability of a remotely delivered, home-based, pragmatic resistance \u2018exercise snacking\u2019intervention in community-dwelling older adults: a pilot randomised controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Fyfe","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1249\/JES.0000000000000275","article-title":"Exercise snacks: a novel strategy to improve Cardiometabolic health","volume":"50","author":"Islam","year":"2022","journal-title":"Exerc Sport Sci Rev"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70117","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70117","article-title":"Technology-enabled exercise \"snacks\" are feasible to perform in a real-world setting: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"35","author":"Babir","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e000349","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsem-2018-000349","article-title":"Effects of a novel exercise training protocol of Wingate-based sprint bouts dispersed over a day on selected cardiometabolic health markers in sedentary females: a pilot study","volume":"4","author":"Ho","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4860","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17134860","article-title":"Efficacy of a six-week dispersed Wingate-cycle training protocol on peak aerobic power, leg strength, insulin sensitivity, blood lipids and quality of life in healthy adults","volume":"17","author":"Wun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2023-0593","article-title":"Exercise snacks are a time-efficient alternative to moderate-intensity continuous training for improving cardiorespiratory fitness but not maximal fat oxidation in inactive adults: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"49","author":"Yin","year":"2024","journal-title":"Appl Physiol Nutr Metab"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-023-05411-0","article-title":"A single all-out bout of 30-s sprint-cycle performed on 5 consecutive days per week over 6 weeks does not enhance cardiovascular fitness, maximal strength, and clinical health markers in physically active young adults","volume":"124","author":"Wong","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"298","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0000000000001188","article-title":"Brief intense stair climbing improves cardiorespiratory fitness","volume":"49","author":"Allison","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1641590","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2025.1641590","article-title":"The effects of an 8-week functional training program on functional movement and physical fitness in male university students: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"13","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"pzab117","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab117","article-title":"The meaning of sedentary behavior as experienced by people in the transition from working life to retirement: an empirical phenomenological study","volume":"101","author":"Eklund","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S30","DOI":"10.1123\/jpah.5.s1.s30","article-title":"Assessment of sedentary behavior with the international physical activity questionnaire","volume":"5","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Phys Act Health"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2025-110027","article-title":"Effect of exercise snacks on fitness and cardiometabolic health in physically inactive individuals: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Rodr\u00edguez","year":"2025","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.3390\/sports7070161","article-title":"Is perceived exertion a useful indicator of the metabolic and cardiovascular responses to a metabolic conditioning session of functional fitness?","volume":"7","author":"Alsamir Tibana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports (Basel, Switzerland)"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-017-0421-z","article-title":"Effects of prolonged exercise versus multiple short exercise sessions on risk for metabolic syndrome and the atherogenic index in middle-aged obese women: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Chung","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19031605","article-title":"The effect of 6-week combined balance and plyometric training on dynamic balance and quickness performance of elite badminton players","volume":"19","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1708619","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2025.1708619","article-title":"The effects of eight weeks of sand-based plyometric training on lower-extremity explosive strength, balance, and agility in male collegiate badminton players","volume":"16","author":"Deng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1968.03140030033008","article-title":"A means of assessing maximal oxygen intake: correlation between field and treadmill testing","volume":"203","author":"Cooper","year":"1968","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70114","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.70114","article-title":"Effects of exercise snacks on Cardiometabolic health and body composition in adults: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"35","author":"Wan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1687","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01167-w","article-title":"The effect of low-volume high-intensity interval training on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Sultana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1246","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-018-0180-4","article-title":"Exercise, energy balance and body composition","volume":"72","author":"Westerterp","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-6760233\/v1","volume-title":"Comparing the Effectiveness of Different Modes of Exercise Snacks in Improving Muscle and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Physically Inactive College Students","author":"Zhu","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2018.00423","article-title":"A 4-week intervention involving Mobile-based daily 6-minute Micro-sessions of functional high-intensity circuit training improves strength and quality of life, but not cardio-respiratory fitness of Young untrained adults","volume":"9","author":"Sperlich","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-013-0522-x","article-title":"Short bouts of anaerobic exercise increase non-esterified fatty acids release in obesity","volume":"53","author":"Salvadori","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Nutr"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-05070-x","article-title":"A single bout of resistance exercise improves postprandial lipid metabolism in overweight\/obese men with prediabetes","volume":"63","author":"Bittel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1271","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2008.73","article-title":"Effects of continuous versus accumulated activity patterns on postprandial triacylglycerol concentrations in obese men","volume":"32","author":"Miyashita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Obes"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-014-3244-6","article-title":"'Exercise snacks' before meals: a novel strategy to improve glycaemic control in individuals with insulin resistance","volume":"57","author":"Francois","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-019-01183-w","article-title":"Effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with physical activity breaks on blood glucose, insulin and triacylglycerol measures: a systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"50","author":"Loh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1327","article-title":"Exercise increases human skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity via coordinated increases in microvascular perfusion and molecular signaling","volume":"66","author":"Sj\u00f8berg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.9.1511","article-title":"Diabetes contributes to cholesterol metabolism regardless of obesity","volume":"25","author":"Simonen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2019.00026","article-title":"Effect of exercise on fatty acid metabolism and Adipokine secretion in adipose tissue","volume":"10","author":"Mika","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1643153","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2025.1643153","article-title":"The effectiveness of exercise snacks as a time-efficient treatment for improving cardiometabolic health in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-020-02592-6","article-title":"Low-volume high-intensity interval training improves cardiometabolic health, work ability and well-being in severely obese individuals: a randomized-controlled trial sub-study","volume":"18","author":"Reljic","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ypmed.2004.10.008","article-title":"The effects of 60 minutes of brisk walking per week, accumulated in two different patterns, on cardiovascular risk","volume":"41","author":"Murtagh","year":"2005","journal-title":"Prev Med"},{"key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200209000-00011","article-title":"Accumulating brisk walking for fitness, cardiovascular risk, and psychological health","volume":"34","author":"Murphy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1940473","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000}}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1846870\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T12:24:07Z","timestamp":1788265447000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1846870\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"references-count":49,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1846870"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1846870","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"article-number":"1846870"}}