{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T23:16:59Z","timestamp":1793056619042,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788998400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Global mobile data traffic is growing rapidly. Artificial intelligence (AI) plays an important role in this growth, and safety should be a priority in all aspects of this development. Adverse effects on human health with widespread use with upcoming 5G\/6G mobile networks need to be addressed. AI with its growing capabilities needs to be explored for safety strategies. We elaborate the AI-based safety measures as \u2018Conceptual Framework\u2019 comprising \u201c3RRs\u201d: risk-reducing devices, risk-reducing engineering and environment; and risk-reducing personalization\/habits. For devices using frequencies &amp;lt;6\u202fGHz, the electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure measure is in terms of \u201cspecific energy absorption rate\u201d for devices using frequencies &amp;lt;6 GHz, the EMF is measured as \u201cabsorbed power density.\u201d AI is utilized to lower exposure, with sophisticated algorithms analyzing real-time monitoring data. Wireless gadgets used in various fields like mobile communication, health monitoring, exercise monitoring, warfare tele-communications, etc. AI is useful for automating information delivery among multiple smart applications simultaneously and safely, with automatic sequential decision-making in dynamic environments. Engineering environmental safety with reduced radiation is required. The implementation of 6G and future networks, which aim to create a fully connected world, requires dense deployment. This advancement is possible with AI, enabling dynamic deployment, continual adaptation, autonomous decision-making, and robust control systems. Satellite direct-to-device (D2D) communications are only valuable in truly remote areas and in disasters. Personal habits, simple, healthy, safe, enumerated as an \u2018ABC\u2019 plan. AI\u2019s capability for real-time data analysis and decision-making can guide users for safe use. Guidance for growth with safety strategies suggested should be useful for progress in engineering, policies of governments\u2019, and people\u2019s healthy habits proactively.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1847890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:31:18Z","timestamp":1789018278000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["5G\/6G mobile telephone technology, methodical progress, pertinent health protection, and artificial intelligence"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Sunil","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manipal Tata Medical College","place":["Jamshedpur, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prem Kamal","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Applied Bioinformatics, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology","place":["New Delhi, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1520","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_2292_20","article-title":"Radiation in medical practice & health effects of radiation: rationale, risks, and rewards","volume":"10","author":"Jain","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"key":"ref2","year":""},{"key":"ref3","article-title":"International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans. Non-Ionizing Radiation, Part 2: Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields. Lyon (France): IARC; (IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, No. 102)","year":"2013"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"108983","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2024.108983","article-title":"The effect of exposure to radiofrequency fields on cancer risk in the general and working population: a systematic review of human observational studies - part I: most researched outcomes","volume":"191","author":"Karipidis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Environ Int"},{"key":"ref5","year":""},{"key":"ref6","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref7","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.3390\/s24061888","article-title":"6G networks and the AI revolution-exploring technologies, applications, and emerging challenges","volume":"24","author":"Chataut","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)."},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5502","DOI":"10.3390\/s25175502","article-title":"On the role of artificial intelligent technology for millimetre-wave and terahertz applications","volume":"25","author":"Kouhalvandi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sensors (Basel)"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6683","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_1426_22","article-title":"5G Technology for healthcare and its health effects: wonders, dangers and diligence","volume":"11","author":"Jain","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3406","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16183406","article-title":"5G wireless communication and health effects-a pragmatic review based on available studies regarding 6 to 100 GHz","volume":"16","author":"Simk\u00f3","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2923.2009.03295.x","article-title":"Conceptual frameworks to illuminate and magnify","volume":"43","author":"Bordage","year":"2009","journal-title":"Med Educ"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11286","DOI":"10.15766\/mep_2374-8265.11286","article-title":"Applying conceptual and theoretical frameworks to health professions education research: an introductory workshop","volume":"18","author":"Rougas","year":"2022","journal-title":"MedEdPORTAL"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1109\/OJCOMS.2021.3106052","article-title":"Health risks associated with 5G exposure: a view from the communications engineering perspective","volume":"2","author":"Chiaraviglio","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Open J Commun Soc"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1515\/freq-2023-0236","article-title":"Revolutionizing healthcare with metamaterial-enhanced antennas: a comprehensive review and future directions","volume":"78","author":"Asokan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frequenz"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1515\/freq-2022-0297","article-title":"SAR reduction techniques for WBAN and mobile applications","volume":"77","author":"Rajan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frequenz"},{"key":"ref17","first-page":"1","article-title":"IEEE Approved Draft Standard for Architecture for Low Mobility Energy Efficient Network for Affordable Broadband Access","volume-title":"IEEE P2061\/D1.1","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2021-0083","article-title":"Effects of non-ionizing electromagnetic fields on flora and fauna, part 3. Exposure standards, public policy, laws, and future directions","volume":"37","author":"Levitt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1515\/reveh-2022-0106","article-title":"The European Union prioritises economics over health in the rollout of radiofrequency technologies","volume":"39","author":"Nyberg","year":"2022","journal-title":"Rev Environ Health"},{"key":"ref20","author":"Farrar","year":""},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eng.2025.06.025","article-title":"Evolution of satellite communication systems toward 5G\/6G for 2030 and beyond","volume":"54","author":"Yuan","year":"2025","journal-title":"Engineering"},{"key":"ref22","year":""},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"Realizing intelligence in 6G communications: a review","volume-title":"2nd international conference on emerging trends in electrical, control, and telecommunication engineering (ETECTE)","author":"Arshad","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnca.2026.104533","article-title":"Computational intelligence for 6G networks: A survey of machine learning and optimization for enabling technologies and architectures","volume":"253","author":"Lall","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Netw Comput Appl"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42510","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-26510-2","article-title":"A unified AI-driven framework for quantum-secured 6G THz networks with intelligent reflecting surfaces and federated edge learning","volume":"15","author":"Balaji","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.31661\/jbpe.v0i0.2401-1713","article-title":"A revolution in radiation protection in modern life","volume":"14","author":"Refahi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Biomed Phys Eng"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3527","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOBECOM52923.2024.10901029","article-title":"Generative AI-based health hazard prediction from smartphone usage","volume-title":"GLOBECOM 2024\u20132024 IEEE global communications conference","author":"Hansda","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.2147\/JHL.S486263","article-title":"Digital health technology & cancer care: conceptual framework leading comprehensive fruitfulness","volume":"16","author":"Jain","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Healthc Leadersh"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1847890\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:31:19Z","timestamp":1789018279000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1847890\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"references-count":28,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1847890"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1847890","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]]},"article-number":"1847890"}}