{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:32:39Z","timestamp":1790285559730,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782864000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated how framing effects influence Chinese residents\u2019 willingness to receive the herpes zoster vaccine.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on gain-loss framing theory, two versions of the questionnaire were developed: a gain-framed version (Questionnaire A) and a loss-framed version (Questionnaire B). Using convenience sampling, 1,184 participants were enrolled through online and offline channels. Statistical analyses included independent-samples t-tests, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), multivariate regression, propensity score matching (PSM), and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      (1) Multivariate regression models showed high explanatory power, with adjusted\n                      <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      values of 0.796 (gain-framed), 0.822 (loss-framed), and 0.800 (overall). These values should be interpreted with caution because attitude is conceptually close to vaccination intention. (2) Two chain mediation pathways showed significant indirect associations: framing \u2192 information credibility \u2192 attitude \u2192 vaccination intention (FR\u202f\u2192\u202fIC\u202f\u2192\u202fAT\u2192IT) and framing \u2192 vaccine price acceptance \u2192 attitude \u2192 vaccination intention (FR\u202f\u2192\u202fPC\u202f\u2192\u202fAT\u2192IT) (both\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), suggesting that framing was associated with attitude and intention through respondents\u2019 perceived message credibility and price acceptance. (3) A significant framing \u00d7 gender interaction was observed (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.446,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001). Stratified regression showed that loss-framed messages were associated with higher vaccination intention among males (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.341;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001), whereas no statistically significant framing effect was found among females (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.108). (4) A significant framing \u00d7 herpes zoster (HZ) awareness interaction was also detected (\n                      <jats:italic>B<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.313;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.002), indicating that individuals who were aware of HZ responded more positively to loss-framed messages. (5) Monthly income (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.645;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) and HZ awareness (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f0.110;\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.001) were identified as important independent predictors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Framing effects on herpes zoster vaccination intention differed by gender and disease awareness. Gain-framed messages showed greater explanatory value in the full sample; however, loss-framed messages were associated with stronger vaccination intention among males and HZ-aware individuals, whereas no statistically significant framing effect was observed among females. The chain mediation pathways indicated statistically significant indirect associations among cognition, attitude, and behavioral intention, but did not confirm a psychological mechanism. Monthly income was identified as an important predictor of vaccination intention. These findings may provide a reference for developing more differentiated and targeted vaccine communication strategies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1849221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T14:36:26Z","timestamp":1782916586000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Willingness and influencing factors of herpes zoster vaccination intention among Chinese residents: a study based on framing effects"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuehui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianwei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuaiqin","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Parasitology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lingzhi","family":"Gui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dehua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University","place":["Changsha, Hunan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.4103\/ijdvl.IJDVL_1021_16","article-title":"Epidemiology, treatment and prevention of herpes zoster: a comprehensive review","volume":"3","author":"Elsam","year":"2018","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"928","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182a3516e","article-title":"The global epidemiology of 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