{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T07:02:25Z","timestamp":1782975745375,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782950400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Walking speed is an objective indicator of physical function and may predict adverse outcomes. However, its longitudinal patterns and association with hip fracture risk in osteoporosis remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data from HRS, ELSA, and SHARE were analyzed. Participants aged \u226550 years with osteoporosis and no baseline hip fracture were included. Walking speed trajectories were identified using Group-Based Trajectory Modeling. Cox models assessed associations with incident hip fracture, with validation via competing risk and discrete-time models. Dose\u2013response and mediation analyses were also conducted.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 14,139 participants were included. During follow-up, 590 hip fractures occurred. Higher baseline walking speed was associated with increased fracture risk in HRS and ELSA but not SHARE. Four trajectory groups were identified, with risk increasing across groups. The high-increasing trajectory showed the greatest risk (HRS: HR = 2.56; ELSA: HR = 4.54). Results were robust across analyses. A linear relationship was observed, and depression and grip strength partially mediated the association.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both baseline and longitudinal increases in walking speed were associated with higher hip fracture risk in osteoporosis, highlighting the importance of dynamic functional assessment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1857692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T05:35:24Z","timestamp":1782970524000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal trajectories of walking speed and risk of incident hip fracture in osteoporosis: a group-based trajectory modeling analysis from HRS, ELSA and SHARE"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hankai","family":"Qiu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minxia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, Fujian, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rongsheng","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]},{"name":"National Regional Medical Center, Binhai the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University","place":["Fuzhou, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4821","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hip fractures: secular trends in incidence rate, post-fracture treatment, and all-cause mortality","volume":"38","author":"Sing","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-023-06907-3","article-title":"Global burden of hip fracture: the Global Burden of Disease Study","volume":"35","author":"Feng","year":"2024"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-016-0332-0","article-title":"A critical review of the long-term disability outcomes following hip fracture","volume":"16","author":"Dyer","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMC Geriatr."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-018-0549-y","article-title":"The epidemiology of osteoporosis, associated fragility fractures, and management gap in China","volume":"14","author":"Yu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1979","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp2307353","article-title":"Postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"389","author":"Walker","year":"2023","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2024.04.004","article-title":"The patient with hip fracture","volume":"108","author":"Rudy","year":"2024","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101253","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arr.2020.101253","article-title":"Potentially modifiable risk factors for slow gait in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review","volume":"66","author":"Figgins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ageing Res Rev."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/glv156","article-title":"Inflammation, depression, and slow gait: a high mortality phenotype in later life","volume":"71","author":"Brown","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Gerontol Ser A Biol Sci Med Sci."},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.2174\/1389203717666161227144349","article-title":"Nutrition and exercise in sarcopenia","volume":"19","author":"Anton SD Hida","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Protein Pept Sci."},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2015.11.016","article-title":"Gait speed and the natural course of depressive symptoms in late life; 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