{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:32:12Z","timestamp":1786422732051,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>With the rapid aging of the Chinese population, family caregivers play a pivotal role in the management of chronic diseases. Effective family communication is crucial for reducing caregiver burden and improving care quality. However, China lacks a generic, culturally adapted instrument to assess communication patterns in these specific settings. This study aimed to translate the Family Caregiver Communication Tool-Chronic Illness (FCCT-CI) into Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Following Brislin\u2019s translation model, the FCCT-CI was translated, back-translated, and cross-culturally adapted through expert consultation and pilot testing. From March to July 2023, a cross-sectional study was conducted with 319 family caregivers recruited via convenience sampling from a tertiary hospital in Henan Province. To ensure rigorous validation, the total sample was randomly split into two independent subsamples: Sample A (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f110) was used for Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), and Sample B (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f209) was used for Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Psychometric properties were evaluated using item analysis, content validity, construct validity, internal consistency, and test\u2013retest reliability.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The Chinese FCCT-CI comprises 10 items across two dimensions. Exploratory Factor Analysis (Sample A) extracted two factors explaining 71.46% of the total variance. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (Sample B) demonstrated excellent model fit (\n                      <jats:italic>\u03c7<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \/\n                      <jats:italic>df<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f=\u202f1.707, CFI\u202f=\u202f0.988, TLI\u202f=\u202f0.979, RMSEA\u202f=\u202f0.058). Content validity was robust, with an S-CVI\/Ave of 0.94 and I-CVI ranging from 0.80 to 1.00. The scale exhibited high reliability, with a Cronbach\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                      of 0.846, split-half reliability of 0.943, and a test\u2013retest intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.920.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Chinese version of the FCCT-CI demonstrates good reliability and validity. It provides a reliable tool for assessing family communication patterns among family caregivers of patients with chronic diseases in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1865347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T04:21:56Z","timestamp":1786422116000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychometric properties and cross-cultural adaptation of the Chinese version of the family caregiver communication tool-chronic illness"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yingying","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Henan Kaifeng College of Science Technology and Communication","place":["Kaifeng, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Xinyang Vocational and Technical College","place":["Xinyang, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yameng","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University","place":["Zhengzhou, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanmei","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University","place":["Shenzhen, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fangli","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing and Health, Henan University","place":["Kaifeng, Henan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","year":""},{"key":"ref2","year":""},{"key":"ref3","year":""},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30427-1","article-title":"Mortality, morbidity, and risk factors in China and its provinces, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study 2017","volume":"394","author":"Zhou","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1003-2800.2019.10.018","article-title":"Analysis on supporting service needs and influencing factors of elderly chronic family caregivers","volume":"33","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Soft Sci Health"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.3969\/j.issn.1006-5571.2023.04.005","article-title":"Analysis of the burden and influencing factors of family caregivers for elderly cognitive impairment patients","volume":"55","author":"Zhong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Qingdao Med J"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.12104\/j.issn.1674-4748.2023.09.004","article-title":"Correlation analysis between care burden and resilience of primary caregivers of older adult stroke patients","volume":"21","author":"Meng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Gen Pract Nurs"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3022","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12927","article-title":"Depression, anxiety, fear of progression, and emotional arousal in couples after left ventricular assist device implantation","volume":"7","author":"Waldenburger","year":"2020","journal-title":"ESC Heart Fail"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.5271","article-title":"Psychosocial interventions for informal caregivers of lung cancer patients: a systematic review","volume":"29","author":"Kedia","year":"2020","journal-title":"Psycho-Oncology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3193","DOI":"10.12102\/j.issn.2095-8668.2023.17.029","article-title":"Status quo and influencing factors of family resilience among family caregivers of the disabled elderly","volume":"9","author":"He","year":"2023","journal-title":"Chin Evid Based Nurs"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"109275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109275","article-title":"Why do Chinese patients avoid health information? 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