{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T06:15:02Z","timestamp":1788243302759,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n This study explored pregnant women's perceptions, experiences, and health education needs regarding newborn inborn errors of metabolism (IEM) and newborn screening, and examined how these needs operate across individual, interpersonal\/healthcare-organizational, and community\/policy-environment levels.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n A descriptive phenomenological qualitative design was used. Fifteen pregnant women (N1\u2013N15) were purposively recruited from one national regional medical center between October 2025 and January 2026 for one-to-one, face-to-face, semi-structured interviews lasting 30\u201345 min. Two trained researchers conducted the interviews. Recordings were transcribed verbatim and managed in\n NVivo<\/jats:italic>\n . Two researchers independently coded the data; unresolved disagreements were adjudicated by a third researcher. Data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method, and inductively generated themes were subsequently organized using a three-level consolidation of the social ecological model. All participants received their transcripts for verification, and the final three interviews confirmed thematic saturation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Three overarching analytic levels and 16 subthemes were identified. Individual-level needs concerned conceptual boundaries, screening value, personalized risk information, graded management of abnormal results, uncertainty-related psychological support, and probability communication. Interpersonal and healthcare-organization needs concerned time-linked flowcharts, result notification, operational checklists, repeat-testing\/referral navigation, and family communication with privacy protection. Community and policy-environment needs concerned post-diagnosis support, affordability and assistance, authoritative information access, staged reminders, and understandable multimodal delivery. Participants' accounts showed that their needs extended beyond knowledge acquisition to actionable, time-sensitive pathways linking antenatal education with postnatal screening and follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Pregnant women's health education needs regarding newborn IEM are multi-level, time-sensitive, and action oriented. Interventions should combine plain-language risk communication and coping support at the individual level, family-inclusive communication and closed-loop service processes at the interpersonal\/organizational level, and authoritative information, financial navigation, and accessible multimodal support at the community\/policy level.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1867051","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T05:34:32Z","timestamp":1788240872000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Health education needs of pregnant women regarding newborn inborn errors of metabolism based on a social ecological model: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Center for Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fenghua","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Center for Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Center for Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, China"]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education","place":["Chengdu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xihong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Urinary Disease Center Nursing, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]},{"name":"WCSUH-Tianfu\u00b7Sichuan Provincial Children's Hospital (Sichuan Provincial Children's Medical Center)","place":["Chengdu, Sichuan, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Center for Medical Genetics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University","place":["Chengdu, 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