{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T06:47:35Z","timestamp":1782802055757,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"\n Introduction<\/jats:title>\n Older people and individuals with chronic illnesses living in long-term care facilities are at increased risk of infections due to the care setting, resulting in an increased probability of contracting SARS-CoV-2 and experiencing severe sequelae during the COVID-19 pandemic. To limit viral transmission, facilities adopted different policies according to national and regional prevention strategies, often reducing social contacts and promoting public health measures. We therefore conducted a national survey to investigate the impact of COVID-19 infection in Italian retirement homes for older adults and persons with disabilities (RHOAD).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n An online questionnaire investigating facility characteristics and COVID-19 impact between March 2023 and January 2024 was sent via email to Italian RHOAD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n Response from 510 RHOAD showed a trend in the percentage of COVID-19-positive individuals similar to that observed in Italy. An increase in cases was recorded in 2020, followed by a gradual decrease in 2021. Specific facility characteristics, such as a larger number of beds (80 or more vs. 0\u201320, OR 2.97, 95%CI 1.10\u20138.03), or challenges in transferring (OR 11.79, 95%CI 3.32\u201341.91) or isolating residents with COVID-19 (OR 4.43, 95%CI 2.13\u20139.22) or geographical location in the South (OR 0.17 95%CI 0.07\u20130.39) or Center (OR 0.39 95%CI 0.16\u20130.93) vs. North, were associated with an increased risk of having at least one COVID-19 case among residents in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Similarly, facilities reporting at least one COVID-19 case applied national prevention measures related to visitor access less strictly (OR 2.16 95%CI 1.06\u20134.38) and registered an increase of adverse events (OR 2.49 95%CI 1.17\u20135.27).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion<\/jats:title>\n Our findings highlighted the challenges faced by Italian RHOAD during the pandemic and support the optimization of the RHOAD organization to prevent disease transmission.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1872101","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T06:36:31Z","timestamp":1782801391000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A national survey on COVID-19 infection in Italian retirement homes for older adults and persons with 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