{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T06:05:40Z","timestamp":1784009140907,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To systematically evaluate the effects of exercise interventions on post-stroke depression (PSD) and to clarify the dose\u2013response relationship between physical activity dosage and depressive symptoms in individuals with PSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A structured and comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library. Restricted cubic spline models were applied to examine the dose\u2013response association between physical activity dosage and depressive symptoms in PSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 27 publications comprising 31 randomized controlled trials were included, involving 2,247 participants. The meta-analysis indicated that exercise intervention was associated with a modest improvement in depressive symptoms among patients with PSD [SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.15, 95% CI (\u22120.23, \u22120.07),\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u202f&amp;lt;\u202f0.01], with moderate heterogeneity (\n                      <jats:italic>I<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u202f=\u202f41.9%). Dose\u2013response analysis revealed a non-linear association between exercise dosage and symptom improvement, with the greatest apparent benefit observed at approximately 801 MET-min\/week. Subgroup analyses suggested that more favorable improvements were more commonly observed in interventions characterized by resistance training [SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.55, 95% CI (\u22120.85, \u22120.25)], a frequency of 1\u20132 sessions per week [SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.41, 95% CI (\u22120.67, \u22120.15)], a session duration of \u226430\u202fmin [SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.44, 95% CI (\u22120.70, \u22120.19)], and an intervention duration of 9\u201312\u202fweeks [SMD\u202f=\u202f\u22120.16, 95% CI (\u22120.27, \u22120.05)].\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Moderate-dose exercise intervention, approximately 801 MET-min\/week, was associated with a modest improvement in post-stroke depressive symptoms. These findings provide a reference for optimizing exercise dosage and informing individualized prescription strategies for patients with PSD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Systematic review registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:ext-link>https:\/\/www.crd.york.ac.uk\/PROSPERO\/view\/CRD420251167322<\/jats:ext-link>\n                      , identifier (CRD420251167322).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1876753","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T05:37:12Z","timestamp":1784007432000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nonlinear dose\u2013response effects of exercise interventions on post-stroke depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Meiyao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziqi","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahe","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shenghui","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiyue","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziheng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School, Harbin Sport University","place":["Harbin, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianxin","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate 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