{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T16:27:23Z","timestamp":1791563243062,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Proper waste sorting is a fundamental aspect of constructing an ecologically sustainable civilization and a vital step towards enhancing urban living standards and public health. Using survey data from urban residents in Beijing, this paper empirically examines the impact of waste sorting supervision on residents\u2019 domestic waste sorting. The impact is tested through the multiple mediators model to accommodate three potential mediating mechanisms, which are the awareness of waste sorting significance, standards and policies. The results show that despite 82.1% of urban residents showing varying degrees of participation in domestic waste sorting, there is still considerable room for improvement in promoting it. The implementation of waste sorting supervision appears to be an effective strategy to drive urban residents\u2019 involvement in domestic waste sorting. However, the effect of such supervision on residents\u2019 waste sorting exhibits marked heterogeneity in age and income, with a more pronounced effect among low-income and younger residents relative to their high-income and older counterparts. In terms of the mediating mechanism, waste sorting supervision promotes residents\u2019 involvement in domestic waste sorting by improving their awareness of the significance, standards, and policies of domestic waste sorting.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1895977","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:02:47Z","timestamp":1785304967000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can supervision promote domestic waste sorting? Evidence from China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meifang","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Economics, Beijing Technology and Business University","place":["Beijing, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-22163-0","article-title":"How does public environmental supervision affect the industrial structure optimization?","volume":"30","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut R"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123201","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2024.123201","article-title":"The impact of information intervention on urban residents' willingness to sort domestic waste","volume":"371","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"118288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2019.118288","article-title":"Economic rationalism or administrative rationalism? Curbside collection systems in Sweden and Japan","volume":"242","author":"Takahashi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"041013","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4046734","article-title":"Supporting household waste sorting practices by addressing information gaps","volume":"20","author":"Rasmussen","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Comput Inf Sci Eng"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128980","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2021.128980","article-title":"Household waste management in Shanghai and its implications for the second-tier cities in China","volume":"321","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.113512","article-title":"Implementation effect of municipal solid waste mandatory sorting policy in Shanghai","volume":"298","author":"Wang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3297","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/146474","article-title":"Game analysis and strategy suggestions on waste sorting management with third-party supervision","volume":"31","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1074267","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2022.1074267","article-title":"Public environmental supervision, environmental non-governmental organizations, and industrial green and low-carbon transformation","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Environ Sci"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"116681","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2022.116681","article-title":"Does vertical supervision promote regional green transformation? Evidence from central environmental protection inspection","volume":"326","author":"Zeng","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Environ Manag"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2020.10.036","article-title":"An analysis on determinants of farmers' willingness for resource utilization of livestock manure","volume":"120","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70153","DOI":"10.1002\/fes3.70153","article-title":"The dual impacts of specialized agricultural services on fertilizer application intensity","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Energy Secur"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1762","DOI":"10.3390\/su18041762","article-title":"Managing Poland's transition to circular economy: regulatory implementation and governance challenges in plastic packaging sector","volume":"18","author":"Czaplicka-Kotas","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envdev.2026.101432","article-title":"Policy instruments and cultural currents shaping recycling behaviours: a systematic review","volume":"58","author":"Etim","year":"2026","journal-title":"Environ Dev"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2433","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/200462","article-title":"A study on the cooperative mechanism of waste separation between government, residents, and enterprises based on a tripartite evolutionary game","volume":"35","author":"Zhang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"128658","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2026.128658","article-title":"Household recycling behavior and community-based waste management: an agent-based modeling of socioeconomic heterogeneity in urban Indonesia","volume":"399","author":"Asih","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1327","DOI":"10.3390\/su10051327","article-title":"An exploration of the impacts of compulsory source-separated policy in improving household solid waste-sorting in pilot megacities, China: a case study of Nanjing","volume":"10","author":"Chen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-022-23363-4","article-title":"Identifying the influencing factors and constructing incentive pattern of residents' waste classification behavior using PCA-logistic regression","volume":"30","author":"Zheng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut R"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13499","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013499","article-title":"The perception and attitude to farmers toward domestic waste classification: a case study on Wusheng county, Sichuan province, China","volume":"19","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"112591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2021.112591","article-title":"Determinants affecting residents' waste classification intention and behavior: a study based on TPB and A-B-C","volume":"290","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Environ Manage"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2022.106159","article-title":"Identifying the driving factors of rural residents' household waste classification behavior: evidence from Sichuan, China","volume":"180","author":"Ao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Resour Conserv Recyl"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1007\/s10163-026-02509-3","article-title":"Youth and municipal solid waste sorting: a case study of Hanoi, Vietnam","volume":"28","author":"Pham","year":"2026","journal-title":"J Mater Cycles Waste Manage"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1817955","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2026.1817955","article-title":"How to motivate residents' behavioral intention to engage in household waste sorting? An integrated perspective based on the technology acceptance model and the theory of planned behavior","volume":"17","author":"Cao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Psychol"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.131126","article-title":"Analysis of factors influencing residents' waste sorting behavior: a case study of Shanghai","volume":"349","author":"Govindan","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"131379","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.131379","article-title":"Identifying the key policy drivers for behavioral improvement in waste source separation in the Yangtze Delta region, China","volume":"351","author":"Li","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6528","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19116528","article-title":"Influencing factors on the household-waste-classification behavior of urban residents: a case study in Shanghai","volume":"19","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19398","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-08410-2","article-title":"The effect of policy instruments on rural households' solid waste separation behavior and the mediation of perceived value using SEM","volume":"27","author":"Ma","year":"2020","journal-title":"Environ Sci Pollut R"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2022.132401","article-title":"Can policy implementation increase public waste sorting behavior? The comparison between regions with and without waste sorting policy implementation in China","volume":"363","author":"Tian","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wasman.2020.05.031","article-title":"From intention to behavior: comprehending residents' waste sorting intention and behavior formation process","volume":"113","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Waste Manag"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1108\/CAER-09-2019-0158","article-title":"The impact of alternative policies on livestock farmers' willingness to recycle manure: evidence from Central China","volume":"12","author":"Li","year":"2020","journal-title":"China Agric Econ Rev"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.15244\/pjoes\/139306","article-title":"Research on the treatment of municipal solid waste source classification behavior based on institutional engineering - comment on \u201cShanghai municipal domestic waste management regulations\u201d","volume":"31","author":"Weng","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pol J Environ Stud"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1173","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.51.6.1173","article-title":"The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations","volume":"51","author":"Baron","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pers Soc Psychol"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclepro.2020.123084","article-title":"An assessment of the influence of awareness of benefits and perceived difficulties on waste sorting intention in Beijing","volume":"272","author":"Cudjoe","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clean Prod"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s42834-019-0042-3","article-title":"Factors determining the public receptivity regarding waste sorting: a case study in Surabaya city, Indonesia","volume":"30","author":"Setiawan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sustain Environ Res"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1344834","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2024.1344834","article-title":"Cultural worldviews and waste sorting among urban Chinese dwellers: the mediating role of environmental risk perception","volume":"12","author":"Cai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1837740","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1837740","article-title":"Academic performance and college students' subjective well-being","volume":"14","author":"Zhai","year":"2026","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scs.2021.102741","article-title":"Public participation and city sustainability: evidence from urban garbage classification in China","volume":"67","author":"Kuang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sustain Cities Soc"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105560","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2021.105560","article-title":"Waste generation and pro-environmental behaviors at household level: a citizen science study in Buenos Aires (Argentina)","volume":"170","author":"Pierini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Resour Conserv Recyl"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/1536867X1101100202","article-title":"Fitting fully observed recursive mixed-process model with CMP","volume":"11","author":"Roodman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Stata J"},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7917","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19137917","article-title":"The impact of health risk perception on blockchain traceable fresh fruits purchase intention in China","volume":"19","author":"Zhai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resconrec.2019.03.024","article-title":"What influences an individual's pro-environmental behavior? A literature review","volume":"146","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Resour Conserv Recycl"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbef.2019.05.005","article-title":"The theoretical attitude and actual behavior of an individual towards risk","volume":"23","author":"Tavor","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Behav Exp Finance"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/ajae.12343","article-title":"Price risk and small farmer maize storage in sub-Saharan Africa: new insights into a long-standing puzzle","volume":"105","author":"Cardell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Agric Econ"},{"key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/deve.12310","article-title":"Effectiveness of extrinsic incentives for promoting rural waste sorting in developing countries: evidence from China","volume":"60","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dev Econ"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1895977\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T06:02:47Z","timestamp":1785304967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1895977\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"references-count":43,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1895977"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1895977","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"article-number":"1895977"}}