{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T05:08:05Z","timestamp":1789103285143,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Negative life events are a risk factor for depression among Chinese senior high school students. Psychological inflexibility may mediate this relationship, whereas meaning in life may serve as a buffer. Prior cross-sectional studies lack temporal evidence; this two-wave 3-month time-lagged design preliminarily tests sequential moderated mediation, whereas multiwave data support stronger causal inference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A longitudinal survey with 3-month intervals was conducted among 940 senior high school students in Hunan Province, China. The participants completed measures assessing the Negative Life Events Scale, Psychological Inflexibility Scale, Meaning in Life Scale, and Depression Scale. A moderated mediation model was used to explore the relationships among these variables.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that (1) negative life events (T1) positively predicted depression (T2) [\u03b2 = 0.20,\n                      <jats:italic>SE<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.13, 0.28)]; (2) psychological inflexibility (T2) mediated the relationship between negative life events (T1) and depression (T2) [the indirect effect was 0.03,\n                      <jats:italic>SE<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      (0.01, 0.05)]; and (3) meaning in life (T1) moderated both the first stage of the mediation pathway [\u03b2 = \u22120.10,\n                      <jats:italic>SE<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\u22120.15, \u22120.05)] and the direct path [\u03b2 = \u22120.11,\n                      <jats:italic>SE<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &amp;lt; 0.001, 95%\n                      <jats:italic>CI<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\u22120.17, \u22120.04)]. Specifically, higher levels of meaning in life were associated with weaker positive predictive associations between negative life events and both psychological inflexibility and depression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight psychological inflexibility as a mediator and meaning in life as a protective buffer against depression among Chinese senior high school students, informing prevention and intervention efforts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1898663","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T04:35:58Z","timestamp":1789101358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Longitudinal association between negative life events and depression among Chinese senior high school students: the mediating role of psychological inflexibility and the moderating role of meaning in life"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Zhendong","family":"Wan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education, Hunan First Normal University","place":["Changsha, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuanghu","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SiLiang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinpei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University","place":["Wuhu, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1038\/s44159-022-00050-2","article-title":"Revisiting the theoretical and methodological foundations of depression measurement","volume":"1","author":"Fried","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Rev Psychol."},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.3724\/SP.J.1041.2021.00515","article-title":"Joint developmental trajectories of early adolescent depression and self-injury: The role of interpersonal factors","volume":"53","author":"Huang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Psychol Sin."},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)01012-1","article-title":"Depression in young people","volume":"400","author":"Thapar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1186\/s12888-023-05068-1","article-title":"Prevalence and associated factors of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese secondary school students","volume":"23","author":"Chen","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Psychiatry."},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1186\/s13034-024-00841-w","article-title":"Prevalence of depressive symptoms among children and adolescents in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Zhou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Child Adoles Psychiatry Mental Health"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70113","DOI":"10.1002\/ijop.70113","article-title":"Effect of depressive symptoms and learning difficulty on academic achievement among adolescents in China: a cross-lagged panel study","volume":"60","author":"Cao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Psychol."},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2023.100631","article-title":"The social cost of depression: investigating the impact of impaired social emotion regulation, social cognition, and interpersonal behavior on social functioning","volume":"14","author":"Kupferberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Affect Disord Reports."},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"100302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadr.2021.100302","article-title":"What networks of attention are affected by depression? 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