{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T07:04:32Z","timestamp":1789369472640,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789344000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop effective HIV treatments, including long-acting injectables, understanding the treatment attributes and personal factors that are significant to people living with HIV is essential.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted individual qualitative interviews with people living with HIV and healthcare providers (HCP) in the United States to evaluate treatment preferences if considering a hypothetical treatment switch. We performed a targeted literature review and identified five attributes related to HIV treatment: (1) administration mode, (2) administration setting, (3) administration frequency, (4) location of injection on the body, and (5) side effects. We also recorded any spontaneously mentioned attributes and other factors influencing treatment decisions. A thematic analysis was conducted using MAXQDA, with dual independent coding of 20% of transcripts and third-party reconciliation by the qualitative lead. Spanish-language transcripts were reviewed in both the original and translated versions to preserve meaning.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We interviewed 50 people living with HIV and 5 HCPs. Among people living with HIV, 60% were male, 62% had no prior injection treatment experience, and median (interquartile range) age was 50 (39.8\u201355.8) years. Side effects emerged as the highest priority attribute for people living with HIV and for HCPs, followed by administration frequency and mode. Most participants expressed a clear preference for injectable over oral administration when all injection forms (intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, combinations) were considered together. Among HCP-administered injection options, 4- and 6-month intervals were widely preferred, driven by alignment with existing appointment schedules and relationships with providers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>When considering treatment options, the highest priorities for people living with HIV are reducing side effects and administration frequency. A planned quantitative discrete choice experiment will evaluate generalizability of our results and provide evidence to support stakeholder decisions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1907747","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T06:20:17Z","timestamp":1789366817000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Preferences of people living with HIV for treatment regimen attributes: a qualitative interview study"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Christina","family":"Donatti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Outcomes, ViiV Healthcare","place":["London, United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manukiran","family":"Ravi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient-Centered Solutions, IQVIA","place":["Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Selene","family":"Camargo-Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient-Centered Solutions, IQVIA","place":["Barcelona, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Rodriguez-Leboeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patient-Centered Solutions, IQVIA","place":["Madrid, Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2021.10.004","article-title":"Update and latest advances in antiretroviral therapy","volume":"43","author":"Men\u00e9ndez-Arias","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"ref2","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"961","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-020-03055-1","article-title":"Physical, emotional, and 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[Summary of Product Characteristics]","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1904398","article-title":"Long-acting cabotegravir and Rilpivirine for maintenance of HIV-1 suppression","volume":"382","author":"Swindells","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1909512","article-title":"Long-acting cabotegravir and Rilpivirine after Oral induction for HIV-1 infection","volume":"382","author":"Orkin","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e26099","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.26099","article-title":"U.S. patient preferences for long-acting HIV treatment: a discrete choice experiment","volume":"26","author":"Graham","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12030334","article-title":"Patient and physician preferences for regimen attributes for the treatment of HIV in the United States and Canada","volume":"12","author":"Gelhorn","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Pers Med"},{"key":"ref13","author":"Rana","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref14","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e17","DOI":"10.1017\/S0266462324000138","article-title":"HTA community perspectives on the use of patient preference information: lessons learned from a survey with members of HTA bodies","volume":"40","author":"Hiligsmann","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Technol Assess Health Care"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.13748","article-title":"Lenacapavir: patient and healthcare provider perceptions and the potential role for a twice-yearly injectable HIV treatment","volume":"26","author":"Alford","year":"2025","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1156","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.70239","article-title":"Do people with HIV really have the choice between oral and injectable ART? Evidence from a multicentric survey in the Swiss HIV cohort study","volume":"27","author":"Martin","year":"2026","journal-title":"HIV Med"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2018.0198","article-title":"Long-acting injectable antiretroviral treatment acceptability and preferences: a qualitative study among US providers, adults living with HIV, and parents of youth living with HIV","volume":"33","author":"Simoni","year":"2019","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDs"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s12954-023-00730-z","article-title":"Perspectives on long-acting injectable HIV antiretroviral therapy at an alternative care site: a qualitative study of people with HIV experiencing substance use and\/or housing instability","volume":"20","author":"Fletcher","year":"2023","journal-title":"Harm Reduct J"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2022.0029","article-title":"Patient and physician preferences regarding long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy: a mixed-methods study in Southern California, USA","volume":"38","author":"Yeager","year":"2022","journal-title":"AIDS Res Hum Retrovir"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-019-02701-7","article-title":"A conjoint analysis of the acceptability of targeted long-acting injectable antiretroviral therapy among persons living with HIV in the U.S","volume":"24","author":"Simoni","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2013.811079","article-title":"A discrete choice experiment to determine patient preferences for injection devices in multiple sclerosis","volume":"16","author":"Shingler","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Med Econ"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.2147\/ppa.S251812","article-title":"Patients' preference for long-acting injectable versus Oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: results from the patient-reported medication preference questionnaire","volume":"14","author":"Blackwood","year":"2020","journal-title":"Patient Prefer Adherence"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/head.14476","article-title":"Patient preferences for attributes of injected or infused preventive migraine medications: findings from a discrete choice experiment","volume":"63","author":"Schwedt","year":"2023","journal-title":"Headache"}],"container-title":["Frontiers in Public Health"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1907747\/full","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T06:20:18Z","timestamp":1789366818000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1907747\/full"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"references-count":24,"alternative-id":["10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1907747"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1907747","relation":{},"ISSN":["2296-2565"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2296-2565","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]]},"article-number":"1907747"}}