{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:38:04Z","timestamp":1792791484488,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) imposes a substantial and growing burden globally. Short-term exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n ) has been linked to AMI mortality, yet most studies have focused on absolute pollutant concentrations. The association between daily changes in PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n and AMI hospitalizations remains poorly understood.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n We conducted an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study in Zhongshan, China, from 2020 to 2024. A total of 1,795 AMI hospitalizations were identified from a tertiary hospital, with 5,877 control days matched by day of week within the same calendar month. Daily PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n exposure was assigned based on residential address using the China High Air Pollutants (CHAP) dataset at 1\u202fkm resolution. Conditional logistic regression models were fitted to estimate the association between a 10\u202f\u03bcg\/m\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n increase in PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n (both absolute concentration and day-to-day change) and AMI hospitalization, adjusting for temperature, relative humidity, and public holidays. Subgroup analyses were performed by age, sex, season, AMI subtype, and comorbidities.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n A 10\u202f\u03bcg\/m\n 3<\/jats:sup>\n increase in PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n from the previous day to the admission day (lag0\u2013lag1) was associated with a 7.89% (95% CI: 0.86%\u201315.40%) higher odds of AMI hospitalization. Associations were found among females (22.58%), adults aged &gt;65\u202fyears (22.16%), cold-season admissions (10.85%), and patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (17.90%), with age identified as a significant effect modifier (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n for interaction &lt; 0.05). Results remained robust after adjustment for co-pollutants (except for nitrogen dioxide) and alternative degrees of freedom (\n df<\/jats:italic>\n ) for temperature and relative humidity.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Daily increments in ambient PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n concentration were independently associated with an increased risk of AMI hospitalization, particularly among females, older adults, and patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. These findings suggested that day-to-day PM\n 2.5<\/jats:sub>\n variability may warrant consideration in future cardiovascular prevention frameworks.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1911027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T05:35:24Z","timestamp":1787290524000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Daily changes in fine particulate matter are associated with acute myocardial infarction hospitalizations: an individual-level time-stratified case-crossover study in Zhongshan, China"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Huanling","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Xiaolan People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan (The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan)","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Xiaolan People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan (The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan)","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuhua","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Xiaolan People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan (The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan)","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajian","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Xiaolan People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan (The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan)","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinkun","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xiaolan Clinical Institute of Shantou University Medical College","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Xiaolan People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan (The Fifth People\u2019s Hospital of Zhongshan)","place":["Zhongshan, Guangdong, China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.015","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990\u20132023","volume":"86","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e41","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001303","article-title":"2025 heart disease and stroke statistics: a report of US and global data from the American Heart Association","volume":"151","author":"Martin","year":"2025","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.3967\/bes2024.162","article-title":"Report on cardiovascular health and diseases in China 2023: an updated summary","volume":"37","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed 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