{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T05:05:12Z","timestamp":1789621512010,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Public Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fast development of social media platforms has changed the way Generation Z communicates, sharing information and consuming digital material. One of such innovations is Instagram Reels, a popular short and long video-sharing functionality that helps with communication, knowledge exchange, and content usage. The feature was first introduced as Instagram TV (IGTV) in 2018 and subsequently integrated into Instagram Reels during the 2022 product consolidation of Instagram, however, the user behaviors underlying this topic, including video content consumption, creator engagement, and trust building, are still the center of the existing video ecosystem on the platform. Although the use of video-based content on Instagram is becoming increasingly popular, scarce studies have considered which factors affect its use and the consequences of this usage on the mental health and psychological wellbeing of users.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The paper examines the predictors of Instagram Reels use and the connection between Instagram Reels and mental health outcomes in Generation Z users. Based on Social Influence Theory, Expectation Confirmation Theory and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a conceptual framework was created with consideration of Social Influence, Expectation Confirmation, Behavioral Intention, Idea Sharing, Building trust, Instagram Reels Usage, and Mental Health Outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The quantitative research design was used and a survey with 422 Generation Z users in Jordan was carried out using a structured questionnaire. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) were the methods that were used to analyze the data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The results showed that, Social Influence and Expectation Confirmation play significant roles in Idea Sharing and Building Trust which consequently leads to the increased use of Instagram Reels. Behavioral Intention was cited and found to predict the relationship between Idea Sharing, Trust Building and platform engagement. Moreover, the Usage of Instagram Reels was also revealed to have a substantial impact on Mental Health Outcomes, with both positive and negative wellbeing indicators demonstrating varying effects. The Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) has determined Idea Sharing to be the most significant driver of Instagram Reels Usage, then Social Influence and Expectation Confirmation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The paper finds that interactive features and perceived benefits of social media platform have a pivotal role in determining users engagement and psychological experiences. The results add to the body of literature on social media adoption and digital wellbeing and offer some practical implications to educators, policymakers, and platform developers interested in creating healthier digital spaces in which Generation Z users can operate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2026.1919452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T04:50:35Z","timestamp":1789620635000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Generation Z usage of Instagram for TV: investigating media consumption, user interaction patterns, and mental health outcomes"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Habes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Mass Communication, Radio & TV Department, Yarmouk University","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khadija Farhan","family":"Alhumaid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rabdan Academy","place":["Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Al Hadeed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Relations and Advertising Department, Faculty of Mass Communication, Yarmouk University","place":["Irbid, Jordan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Razaz Waheeb","family":"Attar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management Department, College of Business Administration, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University","place":["Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Ayoubi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Head of General Education Department, Sharjah Maritime Academy","place":["Khor Fakkan, United Arab Emirates"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.36923\/jicc.v25i3.1153","article-title":"Social media communication and framing of the Gaza conflict: impact on public opinion","volume":"25","author":"Alsharairi","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Intercult Commun"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103730","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103730","article-title":"Factors affecting social TV acceptance among Generation Z in Jordan","volume":"230","author":"Elareshi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Psychol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102567","DOI":"10.1109\/access.2021.3097753","article-title":"Examining the factors influencing the mobile learning usage during COVID-19 pandemic: an integrated SEM-ANN method","volume":"9","author":"Alhumaid","year":"2021","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.30534\/ijatcse\/2020\/16932020","article-title":"Students\u2019 perceptions of social networks platforms use in higher education: a qualitative research","volume":"9","author":"Alhussain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Adv Trends Comput Sci Eng"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10639-022-10934-8","article-title":"Acceptance of mobile technologies and M-learning by university students: an empirical investigation in higher education","volume":"3","author":"Al-Rahmi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Educ Inf Technol"},{"key":"ref6","volume-title":"International conference on innovation and intelligence for informatics, computing and technologies (3ICT)","author":"Habes","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"qtaf028","DOI":"10.1093\/ct\/qtaf028","article-title":"Approaching digital futures: why media and communication research needs to move from a perspective of consequence to one of emergence","author":"Hepp","year":"2025","journal-title":"Commun Theory"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"27","article-title":"Impacts of social media (Facebook) on human communication and relationships","volume":"7","author":"Joo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Knowl Content Dev Technol"},{"key":"ref9","first-page":"2349","article-title":"Effectiveness of social media in education","volume":"10","author":"Rajesh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Innov Res Adv Eng"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"1153","volume-title":"Artificial Intelligence and Economic Sustainability in the Era of Industrial Revolution 5.0","author":"Habes","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.29313\/mediator.v12i2.4778","article-title":"Instagram TV: Konvergensi penyiaran digital dan media sosial [Instagram TV: convergence of digital broadcasting and social media]","volume":"12","author":"Datubara","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mediator: J. 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